Changes in the Healthy Beverage Index in Response to an Intervention Targeting a Reduction in Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption as Compared to an Intervention Targeting Improvements in Physical Activity: Results from the Talking Health Trial

Abstract

The recently developed Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) was designed to evaluate overall beverage intake quality (including total fluid consumption and beverage calories), yet no known intervention studies have assessed longitudinal changes to the HBI. The objective of this investigation was to assess changes in HBI scores in response to a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) reduction trial as compared to a physical activity comparison group. Participants were enrolled into a six-month, community-based, controlled behavioral trial and randomized into either a SSB reduction group (SIPsmartER) or a physical activity group (MoveMore). Correlations and multilevel mixed-effects linear regression with intention-to-treat analyses are presented. Total HBI score significantly increased for SIPsmartER (n = 149) (mean increase = 7.5 points (5.4, 9.7), p ≤ 0.001) and MoveMore (n = 143) (mean increase = 3.4 points (1.6, 5.2), p ≤ 0.001) participants, with a significant between group effect (p ≤ 0.05), over the six-month intervention. Other significant changes in HBI components for SIPsmartER included increased SSB and total beverage calorie scores, and decreased low-fat milk and diet soda scores. Changes in total HBI scores were significantly correlated with changes in total Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores (r = 0.15, p ≤ 0.01). Our findings suggest that individual HBI component scores, beyond the SSB component, are influenced by intervention strategies that primarily focus on SSB reduction.

Modeling the Effect of Replacing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption with Water on Energy Intake, HBI Score, and Obesity Prevalence

“…The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) [ 31 ] was designed to overcome that challenge by providing a system for evaluating overall beverage quality and comparing that intake against standards set forth by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the Beverage Guidance Panel [ 32 ]. Furthermore, preliminary studies indicate that higher HBI scores are positively associated with cardiovascular health [ 31 , 33 ] and may, therefore, prove a useful tool for evaluating the beneficial impact that changes in beverage consumption patterns might have on health.…”

Association of the Healthy Beverage Index With Metabolic Syndrome and Stroke in U.S. Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014

“…While lifestyle and genetic factors largely determine the risk for MetS and stroke, a growing body of evidence suggests that dietary factors, including intake of various beverages, are associated with an increased risk of MetS and stroke [4-6].To date, extensive research has been done on the association between individual beverage consumption, particularly sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and coffee and tea, with MetS and stroke [7-10]. However, few publications have examined the overall quality of daily beverage consumption within a broader context of evaluating all consumed beverages as a pattern [11,12]. Therefore, the healthy beverage index (HBI) has been introduced as a holistic concept to evaluate the quality of overall beverage intake and its association with health-related outcomes in nutritional epidemiological studies [13].Previous studies indicated that beverage consumption is association with cardiovascular, all-cause and causespeci c mortality, coronary heart disease and etc [14-16].…”

Autonomous motivation, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and healthy beverage intake in US families: differences between mother–adolescent and father–adolescent dyads

“…Energy-balance behaviours, including diet and physical activity, are behavioural precursors to accelerated weight gain ( 2 ) . In the American diet, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are a main contributor to added sugar consumption, total energy intake ( 3 ) and obesity ( 4 ) . Evidence from observational and experimental studies consistently demonstrates strong associations between SSB consumption and increased risk of weight gain, type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome ( 5 – 13 ) .…”