Changes in the Histology of Cold‐Hardened Oat Crowns during Recovery from Freezing

Livingston, David P.; Tallury, Shyam; Premkumar, Ramaswamy PremkumarR.; Owens, Shirley A.; Olien, C. R.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2004.0579

Cited by 32 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2, arrows); this response was more common in oat and least common in rye. This plugging was previously observed in oat and was attributed to bacterial necrosis or possibly coagulated protein in damaged xylem vessels [16]. Somewhat narrow regions of red-staining tissue of varying lengths were also commonly seen throughout the upper part of the crown in frozen samples (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…1) in their cold acclimated and unfrozen condition had a similar internal structure to oats as described previously [16]. All four species had multiple stems or tillers, each with its own shoot apex and vascular bundles scattered throughout the crown in a seemingly random fashion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The expression of some genes in wheat and barley have been localized to the vascular transition zone [14], [15] which is also the region of the crown that is most freezing tolerant [7], [8]. It has been suggested that the expression of other genes are associated with structural changes that occur in crown tissue [8], [16], [17] such as the increase in lignified cells and the development of a barrier between roots and internal crown tissue [18], [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In wheat, Tannino & McKersie [8] demonstrated significant differences in the vascular transition zone and the apical meristem in the ability to resume growth following freezing. In oat, a Safranin-staining region that appeared to form a barrier separating freeze-damaged from undamaged tissue has been described [16]. Despite these histological analyses only a single report of a 3D analysis of freezing responses has been reported [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological Analysis and 3D Reconstruction of Winter Cereal Crowns Recovering from Freezing: A Unique Response in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

et al. 2013

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The crown is the below ground portion of the stem of a grass which contains meristematic cells that give rise to new shoots and roots following winter. To better understand mechanisms of survival from freezing, a histological analysis was performed on rye, wheat, barley and oat plants that had been frozen, thawed and allowed to resume growth under controlled conditions. Extensive tissue disruption and abnormal cell structure was noticed in the center of the crown of all 4 species with relatively normal cells on the outside edge of the crown. A unique visual response was found in oat in the shape of a ring of cells that stained red with Safranin. A tetrazolium analysis indicated that tissues immediately inside this ring were dead and those outside were alive. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that the barrier fluoresced with excitation between 405 and 445 nm. Three dimensional reconstruction of a cross sectional series of images indicated that the red staining cells took on a somewhat spherical shape with regions of no staining where roots entered the crown. Characterizing changes in plants recovering from freezing will help determine the genetic basis for mechanisms involved in this important aspect of winter hardiness.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Histological Analysis and 3D Reconstruction of Winter Cereal Crowns Recovering from Freezing: A Unique Response in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

et al. 2013

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“…Previous studies have shown that the apical meristem in the crown is the most freezing tolerant part of the plant [28]. Controlled crown freezing tests on successive generations have also been successfully used as a selection method in a progeny generated from a cross of oat cultivars Wintok and Norline, from which the cold hardy Win/Nor-1 and Win/Nor-10 oat lines were obtained [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Model System to Identify Differences in Spring and Winter Oat

Chawade

Lindén

Bräutigam³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Our long-term goal is to develop a Swedish winter oat (Avena sativa). To identify molecular differences that correlate with winter hardiness, a winter oat model comprising of both non-hardy spring lines and winter hardy lines is needed. To achieve this, we selected 294 oat breeding lines, originating from various Russian, German, and American winter oat breeding programs and tested them in the field in south- and western Sweden. By assaying for winter survival and agricultural properties during four consecutive seasons, we identified 14 breeding lines of different origins that not only survived the winter but also were agronomically better than the rest. Laboratory tests including electrolytic leakage, controlled crown freezing assay, expression analysis of the AsVrn1 gene and monitoring of flowering time suggested that the American lines had the highest freezing tolerance, although the German lines performed better in the field. Finally, six lines constituting the two most freezing tolerant lines, two intermediate lines and two spring cultivars were chosen to build a winter oat model system. Metabolic profiling of non-acclimated and cold acclimated leaf tissue samples isolated from the six selected lines revealed differential expression patterns of 245 metabolites including several sugars, amino acids, organic acids and 181 hitherto unknown metabolites. The expression patterns of 107 metabolites showed significant interactions with either a cultivar or a time-point. Further identification, characterisation and validation of these metabolites will lead to an increased understanding of the cold acclimation process in oats. Furthermore, by using the winter oat model system, differential sequencing of crown mRNA populations would lead to identification of various biomarkers to facilitate winter oat breeding.

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3D Reconstruction of Frozen Plant Tissue: A Unique Histological Analysis to Image Postfreeze Responses

Livingston

Tuong

2013

Plant and Microbe Adaptations to Cold in a Changing World

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Changes in the Histology of Cold‐Hardened Oat Crowns during Recovery from Freezing

Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Histological Analysis and 3D Reconstruction of Winter Cereal Crowns Recovering from Freezing: A Unique Response in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

Histological Analysis and 3D Reconstruction of Winter Cereal Crowns Recovering from Freezing: A Unique Response in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

Development of a Model System to Identify Differences in Spring and Winter Oat

3D Reconstruction of Frozen Plant Tissue: A Unique Histological Analysis to Image Postfreeze Responses

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