Changes in the structure of ovary tissues and in the ultrastructure of mesocarp cells during ovary senescence or fruit development induced by plant growth substances in <i>Pisum sativum</i>

Vercher, Yolanda; Carbonell, Juan

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1991.tb05094.x

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Differences in GA-induced responses in tomato can be partially explained by timing of application (Sawhney, 1984). In pea fruits, in which GA,-induced development is sustained by mesocarp cell enlargement without cell divisions (Vercher et al, 1984;Vercher and Carbonell, 1991), a more important role for GAs has been proposed (García-Martínez and Carbonell, 1980;García-Martínez and Hedden, 1996). However, GA biosynthesis may be seed or auxin regulated in pea pericarp (van Huizen et al, 1995).…”

Section: Fruit Development and Growth Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginase, Arginine Decarboxylase, Ornithine Decarboxylase, and Polyamines in Tomato Ovaries (Changes in Unpollinated Ovaries and Parthenocarpic Fruits Induced by Auxin or Gibberellin)

et al. 1996

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Arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) activity has been found in the ovaries and young fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Rutgers). Changes in arginase, arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1 9), and ornithine decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1 .I .17) and levels of free and conjugated putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were determined in unpollinated ovaries and in parthenocarpic fruits during the early stages of development induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or gibberellic acid (CA,). Levels of arginase, free spermine, and conjugates of the three polyamines were constant in unpollinated ovaries and characteristic of a presenescent step. A marked decrease in arginase activity, free spermine, and polyamine conjugates was associated with the initiation of fruit growth due to cell division, and when cell expansion was initiated, the absence of arginase indicated a redirection of nitrogen metabolism to the synthesis of arginine. A transient increase in arginine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase was also observed in 2,4-D-induced fruits. In general, 2,4-D treatments produced faster changes than CA,, and without treatment, unpollinated ovaries developed only slightly and senescence was hardly visible. Sensitivity to 2,4-D and CA, treatment remained for at least 2 weeks postanthesis.

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Section: Fruit Development and Growth Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginase, Arginine Decarboxylase, Ornithine Decarboxylase, and Polyamines in Tomato Ovaries (Changes in Unpollinated Ovaries and Parthenocarpic Fruits Induced by Auxin or Gibberellin)

et al. 1996

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“…Pistil senescence has only been extensively studied in pea (Pisum sativum), where senescence of unpollinated pistils is initiated 2 to 3 d post anthesis (DPA), and by 5 to 6 DPA pistils are fully senescent (Garcia-Martinez and Carbonell, 1980;Vercher and Carbonell, 1991). The onset of senescence correlates with the expression of proteolytic activities Carbonell, 1988, 1990;Granell et al, 1992) and the loss of capacity to develop into a fruit in response to exogenous gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), which constitutes a good marker for senescence initiation (Carbonell and García-Martínez, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Fertilization-Independent Developmental Program Triggers Partial Fruit Development and Senescence Processes in Pistils of Arabidopsis

et al. 2010

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The pistil is the specialized plant organ that enables appropriate pollination and ovule fertilization, after which it undergoes growth and differentiation to become a fruit. However, in most species, if ovules are not fertilized around anthesis the pistil irreversibly loses its growth capacity. We used physiological, molecular, and transcriptomic tools to characterize the postanthesis development of the unfertilized Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pistil. Surprisingly, developmental processes that have been previously described in developing Arabidopsis fruits, such as the collapse of the adaxial epidermis, differentiation of a sclerenchyma layer in the adaxial subepidermis and the dehiscence zone, and valve dehiscence, were also observed in the unfertilized pistil. We determined that senescence is first established in the transmitting tract, stigma, and ovules immediately after anthesis, and that the timing of senescence in the stigma and ovules correlates with the loss of fruit-set responsiveness of the pistil to pollen and the hormone gibberellin (GA), respectively. Moreover, we showed that mutants with altered ovule development have impaired fruit-set response to the GA gibberellic acid, which further indicates that the presence of viable ovules is required for fruit-set responsiveness to GAs in the unfertilized pistil. Our data suggest that a fertilizationindependent developmental program controls many of the processes during post-anthesis development, both in unfertilized pistils and seeded fruits, and point to a key role of the ovule in the capacity of pistils to undergo fruit set in response to GA.

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“…The involvement of GAs in early tomato fruit development was supported by multiple evidence including exogenous treatments, hormone levels and gene expression in wild-type and parthenocarpic mutant lines (Alabadi and Carbonell, 1998;Bohner et al, 1988;Fos et al, 2000Fos et al, , 2001Rebers et al, 1999). Therefore, coordinated action of auxin and gibberellin is required for normal fruit development in tomato (Bunger-Kibler and Bangerth, 1983), blueberry (Cano-Medrano and Darnell, 1997), watermelon (Sedgley et al, 1977), pea (Vercher and Carbonell, 1991) citrus (Guardiola et al, 1993) and Arabidopsis (Smith and Koltunow, 1999). The pollen produce gibberellins, while the exogenous application of gibberellins augments the auxin level in the ovary of an unpollinated flower to trigger the fruit setting in absence of fertilization.…”

Section: Types Of Parthenocarpymentioning

confidence: 92%

Parthenocarpy: A potential trait to exploit in vegetable crops: A review

Dhatt¹,

Kaur²

2016

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Parthenocarpy is the growth of ovary into seedless fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization. It may occur naturally or can be induced artificially by exogenous application of hormones or their enhanced endogenous level. Parthenocarpy improves the yield, quality and processing attributes of vegetable crops like cucumber, eggplant and watermelon, where seed is a limiting factor during consumption. This trait proved highly useful to develop fruits under environmental conditions that are unfavorable for successful pollination and fertilization, particularly in green house cultivation and especially in cross-pollinated crops. It is an established fact that phytohormones play important role in fruit setting and their genetic manipulation can lead to seedlessness. Apical shoot is considered as source of inhibitors preventing fruit growth in the absence of stimulus like pollination or application of phytohormones. The exploitation of biotechnological tools can further enhance its utility for the benefit of mankind. Therefore, present review is focused on factors and potential of parthenocarpy in vegetable crops.

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Changes in the structure of ovary tissues and in the ultrastructure of mesocarp cells during ovary senescence or fruit development induced by plant growth substances in Pisum sativum

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Arginase, Arginine Decarboxylase, Ornithine Decarboxylase, and Polyamines in Tomato Ovaries (Changes in Unpollinated Ovaries and Parthenocarpic Fruits Induced by Auxin or Gibberellin)

Arginase, Arginine Decarboxylase, Ornithine Decarboxylase, and Polyamines in Tomato Ovaries (Changes in Unpollinated Ovaries and Parthenocarpic Fruits Induced by Auxin or Gibberellin)

A Fertilization-Independent Developmental Program Triggers Partial Fruit Development and Senescence Processes in Pistils of Arabidopsis

Parthenocarpy: A potential trait to exploit in vegetable crops: A review

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