Changes in the Vasculature of Bovine Corpus Luteum During the Estrous Cycle and Prostaglandin F2alpha-Induced Luteolysis.

Hojo, Takuo; Ayala, Tomas J. Acosta; Skarżyński, Dariusz; Al-zi’abi, Mohamad Omar; Okuda, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1093/biolreprod/81.s1.529

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Lei et al [20] reported that the aver- age size of non-luteal cells does not change during the cycle, but it does decrease in the CL of early pregnancy. Because large blood vessels containing smooth muscle cells have a key role in controlling the blood flow to accomplish rapid luteolysis in the cow [9,21], we speculate that the CL from the early pregnant cow may need a vasculature with less vessels having the ability of autogenic tonus to protect itself from the effect of luteolytic PGF2α on both acute vasodilation and chronic vasoconstriction. Thin-walled cap- illaries are theoretically unable to control vascular tonus and therefore sustain a "steady-state condition" of blood flow in the CL of early pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Changes in the Corpus Luteum During Early Pregnancy in the Cow

Beindorff

Nagai

Shirasuna

et al. 2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The present study determined vascular changes in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) at Day 16 (early maternal recognition period) and Day 40 in early pregnancy and compared them to the CL from Day 12 and Day 16 of the estrous cycle. The CLs were analyzed in the central and peripheral regions, where site-depending features of vessels and angiogenic factors are evident. The same protein level of the endothelial cell marker von Willebrand factor was retained in the CL from Day 16 of the estrous cycle to Day 40 of early pregnancy. The protein level of pericytes and smooth muscle cells was determined using smooth muscle α-actin; the level decreased at Day 40 of early pregnancy in both regions of the CL. No significant change in the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factors VEGF164 and VEGF120 mRNA occurred from Day 16 of the estrous cycle until Day 40 of early pregnancy. Angiopoietin (ANGPT)-2 / ANGPT-1 mRNA ratio (an index of instability of vasculature) increased in the periphery at Day 16 of the estrous cycle and then decreased until Day 40 of early pregnancy. The results suggest that there is no difference in vascular structure between non-pregnant and pregnant luteal tissue during the early maternal recognition period (Day 16). Also, luteal rescue by early pregnancy may be not associated with further blood vessel formation but rather may be related to the decrease of blood vessels per unit of area and blood vessel stabilization in the bovine CL. he corpus luteum (CL) is temporarily formed in the ovary following ovulation and secretes progesterone (P) to regulate the estrous cycle and to support the establishment of pregnancy. In cows, the CL begins to regress within 17-18 days after ovulation during the estrous cycle but retains a functional lifespan of more than 200 days during pregnancy [1]. Up to 40% of total embryonic loss occurs between Days 7 and 17 of pregnancy [2,3], which is a period associated with inadequate P concentrations. Thus, some changes of function and morphology in the CL to approve conception are critical during the estrous cycle, the early maternal recognition period and early pregnancy in the cow.Several distinct cell types, such as small and large luteal cells, vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, are distributed in the bovine CL [4]. More than 50% of cells in the mature CL are of vascular origin [4]. Alterations in luteal vascularity are associated with the luteinization and formation of the CL [5]. Angiogenesis is critical to development of the CL, as an inadequate microvasculature compromises luteal function [6]. The formation of a dense capillary network in the ovary enables the hormone-producing cells to obtain the oxygen, nutrients and also precursors necessary to synthesize and release different hormones essential for maintenance of the ovarian functions. Large luteal blood vessels, i.e., arteriolovenous vessels, have a smooth muscle cell layer and exist in the peripheral, but not central, region of the rabbit CL [7]. Indeed, in the bovine CL, the arteriolovenous ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Changes in the Corpus Luteum During Early Pregnancy in the Cow

Beindorff

Nagai

Shirasuna

et al. 2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…Apoptotic cell death of endothelial cells has been observed in bovine CL during structural luteolysis (Friedman et al, 2000). We recently demonstrated that the capillaries disappeared earlier than the large blood vessels during structural luteolysis in cows (Hojo et al, 2009). Together, these findings suggest that the increased TNF-α expression in bovine endothelial cells during luteolysis promotes the apoptosis of endothelial cells and the subsequent degeneration of capillaries in the CL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In this study, immunoreactivities for TNF-RI and TNF-RII were observed in several cell types in the CL tissues. Some of these TNF-RI-and TNF-RII-positive cells may be vascular endothelial cells (Hojo et al, 2009), which suggests that TNF affects endothelial cell function, as well as luteal cell function in cows. It has been demonstrated that TNF-α induces cell death of cultured endothelial cells derived from bovine CL, and its action is mediated at least by TNF-RI (Pru et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of gene and protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor necrosis factor receptor types I and II in the bovine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle1

Sakumoto

Vermehren

Kenngott

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:One of the many roles of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is to control mammalian corpus luteum (CL) PG synthesis and apoptotic cell death. Here, the cellular localization of TNF-α and its type I (TNF-RI) and type II (TNF-RII) receptors in bovine luteal tissue were analyzed using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative realtime PCR. Transcripts for TNF-α were expressed in bovine CL throughout the estrous cycle, but were significantly more abundant (P < 0.01) at the regressed luteal stage than at the other stages. Localization of TNF-α transcripts and protein were observed in large and small bovine luteal cells, as well as in immune cells.Moreover, transcripts for TNF-RI and TNF-RII were expressed in bovine CL throughout the estrous cycle. The abundance of TNF-RII transcripts was greater (P < 0.01) at the regressed luteal stage than at the other stages, whereas TNF-RI transcript abundance did not significantly change. Expression of TNF-RI and TNF-RII transcripts and proteins were observed in both the large and small luteal cells, and the proteins were also expressed in the immune cells and vascular endothelial cells. These results suggest that TNF-α sources include immune cells, as well as large and small luteal cells, and that TNF-RI and TNF-RII are present in the luteal cells of the bovine CL.

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“…The bovine CL has two types of blood vessels, arteriolovenous vessels and capillary vessels. Indeed, non-capillary vessels having smooth muscle layers increases markedly in the regressing CL compared with the late CL in the cow [43,44]. During PGF2α-induced luteolysis in the cow and sheep, the endothelial component of the vascular bed decreases, whereas high numbers of smooth muscle cells are maintained during luteal regression, suggesting that pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells have a role in luteolysis [42,44].…”

Section: Nitric Oxide In the Luteal Blood Flow And Initiation Of Lutementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, non-capillary vessels having smooth muscle layers increases markedly in the regressing CL compared with the late CL in the cow [43,44]. During PGF2α-induced luteolysis in the cow and sheep, the endothelial component of the vascular bed decreases, whereas high numbers of smooth muscle cells are maintained during luteal regression, suggesting that pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells have a role in luteolysis [42,44]. Importantly, the arteriolovenous vessels existed more in the periphery of the matured CL (mid, late and regressing CL) than in the center region [28].…”

Section: Nitric Oxide In the Luteal Blood Flow And Initiation Of Lutementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide and Luteal Blood Flow in the Luteolytic Cascade in the Cow

Shirasuna

2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The corpus luteum (CL) of the estrous cycle in the cow is a dynamic organ which has a lifespan of approximately 17-18 days. The main function of the CL is to produce progesterone (P) that requires for achievement and maintenance of pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur successfully, the CL must regress within a few days to induce the next chance of ovulation. As the CL matures, the steroidogenic cells establish contact with many capillary vessels, consequently the CL is composed of a large number of vascular endothelial cells that can account for up to 50% of all cells. Therefore, blood vessels and blood flow within the CL have an essential role in luteal function. Nitric oxide (NO), a strong vasorelaxant, is now known to play key roles in a variety of physiological process. Indeed, NO has established itself as a polyvalent molecule which plays a decisive role in regulating multiple functions within female reproductive system. In the CL, NO is produced and regulates luteal blood flow, P secretion and apoptosis of luteal cells as well as endothelial cells. This review describes the current investigation for possible roles of NO in the luteolytic cascade within the bovine CL. Key words: Corpus luteum, Luteal blood flow, Luteolysis, Nitric oxide (J. Reprod. Dev. 56: [9][10][11][12][13][14] 2010) he corpus luteum (CL) is a transient organ in the ovary of mammals. The bovine CL rapidly develops within 2-3 days after ovulation, which is accompanied by an active angiogenesis and vascularization from the preovulatory follicle. The main function of the CL is to produce progesterone (P) that requires for achievement and maintenance of pregnancy [1]. If pregnancy does not occur successfully, the CL is only functional for 17-18 days and it must regress within a few days to induce the next chance of ovulation. In ruminants, it is well known that a pulsatile release of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) from the uterus on days 17-18 of the estrous cycle is essential to induce regression of the CL [2]. Luteolytic PGF2α induces a drastic decrease in P release from the CL as well as CL volume and blood flow to the CL in the non-pregnant cow [3,4]. Thus, it is easily considered that the bovine CL has well designed mechanisms by which development and regression are effectively controlled.In the cow, the CL is composed of a large number of vascular endothelial cells that can account for up to 50% of all the CL cells [5]. On the other hand, steroidogenic large luteal cells and small luteal cells constitute about 30% of all CL cells [5,6]. The bovine CL also has various cell types such as smooth muscle cells, pericytes, fibrocytes and immune cells, indicating that the CL is a heterogeneous tissue [7,8]. In addition, the CL is constituted by the condensed blood vasculature including large blood vessels and microcapillaries, and the majority of steroidogenic cells are adjacent to one or more capillaries [9]. It is known that a cell-to-cell interaction and these adhesions are essentially important for the CL integrity and physiolog...

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Changes in the Vasculature of Bovine Corpus Luteum During the Estrous Cycle and Prostaglandin F2alpha-Induced Luteolysis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Vascular Changes in the Corpus Luteum During Early Pregnancy in the Cow

Vascular Changes in the Corpus Luteum During Early Pregnancy in the Cow

Localization of gene and protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor necrosis factor receptor types I and II in the bovine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle1

Nitric Oxide and Luteal Blood Flow in the Luteolytic Cascade in the Cow

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