Changes in thiols and glutamate as consequence of simian immunodeficiency virus infection

Papadopulos-Eleopulos, Eleni; Hedland-Thomas, Bruce; Causer, DavidA; Turner, ValendarF.; Papadimitriou, J. M.; Dröge, Wulf; Tilkian, S. M.; Berdischewsky, Myron

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)91873-s

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Further, in HIV-infected adults, zidovudin was shown to promote oxidative damage to DNA, a process that was reversible with vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation [ 12 ]. Several pre-HAART studies found that both asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals and AIDS patients had higher levels of oxidative stress, as indicated by increased plasma metabolites of lipid peroxidation and/or reduced antioxidant levels, compared with healthy controls [ 13 , 14 ]. HAART may induce (i) an increase in oxidant generation, (ii) a decrease in anti-oxidant protection, or (iii) a failure to repair oxidative damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different combination therapies on oxidative stress markers in HIV infected patients in cameroon

et al. 2006

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The study assessed the effect of some highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART), used in the management of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon, on oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (as TBARs), albumin, protein carbonyl content and protein sulfhydryls groups. 85 HIV positive patients (34.8 ± 9.3 years) were on three different highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART patients). 65 HIV positive patients (32.2 ± 10.9 years) on no treatment (Pre-HAART patients), and 90 non-HIV infected patients (32.6 ± 9.3 years), were the control groups. Plasma TBARs as well as carbonyl levels were significantly higher in HIV patients on HAART compared to pre-HAART patients or non-HIV infected controls. On the other hand, the protein sulfhydryl group content was not different for patients on HAART compared to pre-HAART patients, but both were significantly lower than non-HIV infected controls (P < 0.0001, 0.001). The combination treatment Therapy I [stavudin (80 mg) + Lamivudin (600 mg) + Nevirapin + (400 mg) zidovudin (600 mg)] brought about a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the plasma concentration of protein sulfhydrl groups as well as TBARs compared to Therapy II [stavudin (80 mg) + Lamivudin (300 mg) + nevirapin (400 mg)] or with combination Therapy III of [zidovudine (600 mg) + lamivudin(300 mg) with efavirenz (600 mg)] (P < 0.05). The content of the antioxidant, Vitamin C was lower in the plasma of patients on Therapy I compared to those on Therapy II (P < 0.01) and Therapy III (P < 0.001).HIV infection therefore increases the oxidative stress process, while antiretroviral combination therapy increased protein oxidation as well as the level of oxidative stress already present in HIV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different combination therapies on oxidative stress markers in HIV infected patients in cameroon

et al. 2006

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“…Since the viral production require thiols, which they obtain from the host, it may be assumed that the decreased SH level in the HIV-positive individuals may be the result of the HIV infection. However, for the HIV expression, oxidative stress is a prerequisite (Papadopulos-Eleopulos et al 1991). The systemic decrease of the glutathione concentration in the HIV seropositive individuals may result from both decrease in synthesis and increased degradation.…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodegenerative Diseases: Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases

Ellenstein¹,

Prather²,

Коган³

2017

Integrative Geriatric Medicine

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Neurodegenerative diseases increase in prevalence with aging. This chapter begins with a discussion of Parkinson’s disease. Optimally individualized treatment includes dopaminergic medications, physiotherapy, and multidisciplinary care. Evidence for integrative approaches is limited. Advances in genetics and biomarkers hold promise for subtype-specific, precision treatment in the near future. The second part of this chapter focuses on Alzheimer’s disease. Standard evaluation includes assessment for possible contributing factors that may worsen cognition, and management includes optimizing factors that may improve cognitive function. No disease-modifying medical approaches yet exist, but increasing emphasis on interventions to limit chronic inflammation and optimize brain metabolism remain fundamental in the integrative approach to Alzheimer’s disease. The new metabolic approach first described by Dr. Dale Bredesen is summarized and the importance of multidisciplinary care, with emphasis on early transition to palliative care when appropriate, is reviewed.

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“…Further, in HIV-infected adults, zidovudine was shown to promote oxidative damage to DNA, a process that was reversible with vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation [42]. Several pre-HAART studies found that both asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals and AIDS patients had higher levels of oxidative stress, as indicated by increased plasma metabolites of lipid peroxidation and/ or reduced antioxidant levels, compared with healthy controls [43]. It is plausible thence that HAART may induce (i) an increase in oxidant generation, (ii) a decrease in anti-oxidant protection, or (iii) a failure to repair oxidative damage.…”

Section: Generation Of Reactive Oxygen Species (Ros)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIV weakens the human immune system and research have shown that OS may have a principal contributory role to both the expression of HIV and the development of AIDS [43,52]. With the insidious nature of AIDS, advanced cases of HIV infection renders the individual susceptible to opportunistic infections.…”

Section: Pathways Of Generation Of Ros By Hiv and Haartmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Male Genital Tract in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART): Implication for Antioxidant Therapy

Azu¹

2012

J AIDS Clinic Res

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With nearly two decades following the introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in the management of HIV/AIDS, tremendous success has been recorded in the control of HIV replication and overall wellbeing and longevity of afflicted patients. But this success has not been complete as HAART strategy still suffers from a myriad of issues, chiefly deleterious side effects owing to oxidative stress-induced cellular injuries. Pointless to say that this has impeded progress made so far and has left researchers in the continued search for options. With changing trends in fertility concerns of many patients infected with HIV, a gradual but persistent trust towards procreative tendencies of these patients who are still within the reproductive age axis becomes a compelling issue for experts. Numerous research points to the beneficial effects of antioxidant augmentation in HAART especially relevant in the midst of escalated cost of antiretroviral drugs in resource-deprived settings. A continued attempt to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms involved in HAART-associated oxidative stress-mediated reproductive injuries remains critically important to improving the treatment strategies for this epidemic condition. Therefore, an overview of our current knowledge on HAART induced changes via oxidant-antioxidant pathway becomes pertinent as we unravel the body of knowledge that may be necessary to guide future directions particularly in reproduction. J o ur nal o f A ID S & Cli n ic a l R es earc h

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Changes in thiols and glutamate as consequence of simian immunodeficiency virus infection

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

The effect of different combination therapies on oxidative stress markers in HIV infected patients in cameroon

The effect of different combination therapies on oxidative stress markers in HIV infected patients in cameroon

Neurodegenerative Diseases: Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases

The Male Genital Tract in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART): Implication for Antioxidant Therapy

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