Changes in Visceral Adiposity, Subcutaneous Adiposity, and Sex Hormones in the Diabetes Prevention Program

Kim, Catherine; Dabelea, Dana; Kalyani, Rita R.; Christophi, Christopher; Bray, George A.; Pi‐Sunyer, Xavier; Darwin, Christine; Yalamanchi, Swaytha; Barrett‐Connor, Elizabeth; Golden, Sherita Hill

doi:10.1210/jc.2017-00967

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Some studies have reported higher concentrations of bioavailable testosterone and thus, possibly greater androgenicity in women with increased visceral adiposity [9,11], but our results indicate that this was not the case in healthy fertile-aged women. Consistent with our data, a randomized trial of weight loss among overweight premenopausal women did not find any significant associations between changes in the amount of visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissue with changes in serum testosterone [35]. In our study, the significant differences in mRNA expression of genes between the heavier and leaner co-twins suggested that the local metabolism of androgens and estrogens in fat tissue might be altered in obesity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism – A twin study in healthy young women

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism – A twin study in healthy young women

et al. 2018

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“…Fat distribution may be an important prognostic factor for prostate cancer outcomes by serving as a marker for metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory milieus that play a role in prostate carcinogenesis. 3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] For example, visceral fat is inversely associated with bioavailable testosterone 7,8 and adiponectin 4 and is more strongly associated with insulin resistance and proinflammatory cytokines than subcutaneous fat 6 -factors that may influence prostate cancer progression. 12,13,28,29 Further studies are needed to investigate whether the fat depots themselves exert systemic or local effects in ways that promote aggressive disease or whether they are markers for a physical activity pattern or underlying hormonal milieu that influences both fat distribution and aggressive disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5] Body fat distribution is of interest because it may be a marker for different metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory milieus that play a role in prostate carcinogenesis. 3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] For example, visceral fat is inversely associated with bioavailable testosterone 7,8 and is more strongly associated with insulin resistance and proinflammatory cytokines than subcutaneous fat. 6 Greater intermuscular thigh fat has been associated with poorer glucose tolerance, 9 whereas subcutaneous thigh fat has been associated with more favorable metabolic factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body fat distribution on computed tomography imaging and prostate cancer risk and mortality in the AGES‐Reykjavik study

Dickerman

Torfadóttir

Valdimarsdóttir

et al. 2019

Cancer

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Background The World Cancer Research Fund classifies as “strong evidence” the link between obesity and the risk of advanced prostate cancer. In light of the different hormonal profiles associated with where adipose is stored, this study investigated the role of objectively measured body fat distribution and the risk of clinically relevant prostate cancer. Methods This was a prospective study of 1832 men in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility–Reykjavik study. From 2002 to 2006, participants underwent baseline computed tomography imaging of fat deposition, bioelectric impedance analysis, and measurement of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Men were followed through linkage with nationwide cancer registries for the incidence of total (n = 172), high‐grade (Gleason grade ≥8; n = 43), advanced (≥cT3b/N1/M1 at diagnosis or fatal prostate cancer over follow‐up; n = 41), and fatal prostate cancer (n = 31) through 2015. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between adiposity measures and prostate cancer outcomes. Results Among all men, visceral fat (hazard ratio [HR], 1.31 per 1–standard deviation [SD] increase; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00‐1.72) and thigh subcutaneous fat (HR, 1.37 per 1‐SD increase; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.88) were associated with risk of advanced and fatal disease, respectively. Among men who were leaner based on BMI, visceral fat was associated with both advanced and fatal disease. BMI and waist circumference were associated with a higher risk of advanced and fatal disease. No adiposity measures were associated with total or high‐grade disease. Conclusions Specific fat depots as well as BMI and waist circumference were associated with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, which may help to elucidate underlying mechanisms and target intervention strategies.

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“…There is divergent data on this subject in literature. A recent study by Kim et al on a group of Asian men with impaired glucose tolerance included in a diabetes prevention program did not show any significant relationship between visceral fat and DHEA-S [ 28 ]. DHEA-S also did not show a relationship with BMI in a study on Polish males between 20 and 49 years of age [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Inverse Associations of Obesity and Fat Accumulation Indicators with Testosterone in Non-Diabetic Aging Men

Rotter

Rył

Grzesiak

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Introduction/Objective: The aim of the study was to show which of the adipose tissue accumulation indicators correlate with testosterone disorders in non-diabetic aging men. Material and methods: 455 non diabetic men, recruited at primary care facilities, aged 50–75 participated in the study. The participants underwent anthropometric measurement and ELISA determination of total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), sex hormone binding protein (SHBG), and the determination of fasting glucose (FPG), high-density lipids cholesterol (HDL-Ch), and triacylglycerols (TAG) in serum. The following indicators were calculated: body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI). Results: Men with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) differed in each of the assessed obesity indices from those without TDS. All of the studied parameters correlated significantly negatively with TT concentration in blood serum, with VAI being the strongest predictor of TDS. It was shown that the threshold value at which the risk of TDS increased was 28.41 kg/m2 for BMI, 1.58 for VAI, 104 cm for WC, and 37.01 for LAP. Conclusions: Indicators of fat accumulation that take into account biochemical parameters in assessing lipid metabolism are better markers of actual body fat deposition than indicators based solely on anthropometric measurements. Among them, VAI seems the most suitable biomarker of TDS in non-diabetic aging men.

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Changes in Visceral Adiposity, Subcutaneous Adiposity, and Sex Hormones in the Diabetes Prevention Program

Abstract: Among overweight adults with impaired glucose intolerance, reductions in either VAT and SAT were associated with increased total testosterone in men and higher SHBG in men and women. Weight loss may affect sex hormone profiles via reductions in visceral and subcutaneous fat.

Cited by 38 publications

References 31 publications

Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism – A twin study in healthy young women

Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism – A twin study in healthy young women

Body fat distribution on computed tomography imaging and prostate cancer risk and mortality in the AGES‐Reykjavik study

Cross-Sectional Inverse Associations of Obesity and Fat Accumulation Indicators with Testosterone in Non-Diabetic Aging Men

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