Changes in Weed Communities, Herbicides, Yield Levels and Effect of Weeds on Yield in Winter Cereals Based on Three Decades of Field Experiments in South-Western Germany

Keller, Martina; Böhringer, N; Möhring, Jens; Rueda-Ayala, Víctor; Gutjahr, Christoph; Gerhards, Roland

doi:10.1007/s10343-014-0335-8

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…; Fumaria officinalis L.* and Fallopia convolvulus*. The Alopecurus myosuroides density on herbicide treated plots did not differ significantly from untreated control plots; with the average number of plants ranging from 0.7 Keller et al (2015) also found an increase in this weed's frequency after three decades of field experiment and ascribed this to a high proportion of winter cereals in the crop rotation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation

Mayerová¹,

Mikulka²,

Soukup³

2018

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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The efficacy of different frequently used selective herbicides and their impact on weed community were assessed in the field experiment with cereal crop rotation in 2013–2016. All herbicide treatments provided effective weed control, but community composition changed after 4 years. The density of many weed species increased on the untreated plots. Annual grasses Apera spica-venti and Alopecurus myosuroides had temporal increase at plots treated with 2,4-d, florasulam and aminopyralid, but decline at plots treated with pyroxsulam and/or chlorsulfuron. Significant treatment effect was confirmed only for Shannon’s index (H’), where the highest H’ was found in untreated controls (1.83) and the smallest in plots treated with 2,4-d + florasulam + aminopyralid (1.61). The pyroxsulam + florasulam + aminopyralid showed the greatest efficacy on a broad spectrum of weeds while maintaining reasonable species diversity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation

Mayerová¹,

Mikulka²,

Soukup³

2018

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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“…Weed species composition and density rates were typical for the field locations (Keller et al, 2014; Keller et al, 2015). Weed species diversity and dominance did not differ between the three farming systems during the experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Weed control in a pesticide‐free farming system with mineral fertilisers

et al. 2023

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Negative impacts of pesticides on the environment and human health, the risk of pesticide residues in the food chain, and the problems with herbicide-resistant weed biotypes support the need for alternative cropping systems. The objective of this study was to investigate weed populations, weed management and crop yield in a pesticide-free cropping system with the use of mineral fertilisers. Conventional-, organic-and mineral-ecological cropping systems (MECS) with 6-year crop rotations including winter wheat, maize, winter triticale or winter rye, soyabean or spring pea, and spring barley were established in a randomised complete strip plot design with four repetitions. Experiments were conducted at four locations in Germany. Preventive and sensor-guided mechanical weed management strategies were applied in all crops in the organic system and in MECS. Herbicide were applied in the conventional farming system. Weed densities, weed species composition, weed control efficacy (WCE) and crop yield were analysed over 2 years in 2020 and 2021. Conventional farming had the highest WCE and 1-7 weeds m À2 (2.7% weed coverage) after herbicide application. In the organic cropping system and MECS, up to 27 weeds m À2 were counted after camera-guided weed hoeing. Weed coverage in MECS (9.7%) was higher than in the organic cropping system with 7.7%. Crop yield in MECS was equal to the conventional farming system and 20% higher yield than in the organic farming system. MECS represents a promising new and productive cropping practice if an effective integrated weed management strategy is applied.diverse farming systems, herbicide reduction, integrated weed management, mineral fertilisation, precision mechanical weed control | INTRODUCTIONOrganic farming systems are gaining more importance in food production. However, less than 10% of the European agricultural land is currently managed organically despite of considerable subsidies for organic farmers in the EU and benefits for the environment (Willer & Lernoud, 2018). Productivity, labour efficiency and yield stability of organic farming are considerably lower than in conventional farming systems (Kirchmann et al., 2009;Möhring et al., 2020). Conventional farming is often characterised by monoculture crop rotations with high

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“…Segetal flora occurring in crop fields is one of the more important elements influencing the functioning of the entire agroecosystem. Its competitiveness against a crop and also its reproductive potential significantly impact agricultural production [16][17][18]. The farming system, which includes crop rotation, selection of varieties, fertilization method and level, and weed control methods, is of key significance for the preservation of the biodiversity of segetal flora in an agroecosystem [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Infestation and Health of Organically Grown Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.) Depending on Selected Foliar Sprays and Row Spacing

2020

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Chamomile is a herbal plant of very high economic importance worldwide. Its organically grown raw material is particularly valuable. Under organic farming conditions, weeds and fungal diseases are an important problem in a chamomile plantation. Seeking agronomic solutions designed to eliminate the occurrence of these pathogens in chamomile crops is constantly valid. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of some foliar sprays (enhancing the condition of the crop plant and its competition against pathogens) and different row spacing of two chamomile cultivars on weed infestation and health of a chamomile plantation. The study results presented in this paper were collected from field experiments carried out in the organic system in the village of Dys (the central Lublin region, Poland) over the period 2014–2016. Experiments were conducted on podzolic soil (class III) as a split-block design in 3 replicates in plots with an area of 525 m2 (6.25 m2 a single plot). This study included two chamomile cultivars (“Złoty Łan”, “Mastar”). The second experimental factor was single or double foliar application of three bioproducts (Herbagreen Basic, Bio-algeen, Effective Microorganisms—EM Farming). The other experimental factor was a different row spacing of chamomile (40 cm and 30 cm). The obtained study results show that 10–16 annual weed species and 1–3 perennial species occurred in both chamomile cultivars. Foliar application of the bioproducts contributed to a reduction in the total number of weeds in the crop, but at the same time to greater weed species diversity. In the control treatments (without the bioproducts), the dominance of several weed species (Viola arvensis, Galeopsis tetrahit, Spergula arvensis, Juncus bufonius, Scleranthus annuus) and lower biodiversity of the weed flora were observed. The largest reduction (by about 20%) in the number of annual weeds was found under the influence of the bioproducts Herbagreen Basic and Bio-algeen applied once. Bio-algeen and Effective Microorganisms (EM), in turn, had a significant effect on decreasing the weed weight. A narrower (30 cm) row spacing of chamomile had a significant impact on reducing the weight of weeds in chamomile crops compared to the wider spacing, which was 40 cm. It should be concluded that infection of the chamomile plantation with fungal diseases was overall at a low level. Significantly higher infection with fungal diseases was found in the case of the cultivar “Mastar”, regardless of the experimental factors. A statistically proven decrease in infection of chamomile plants with fungal diseases was determined under lower crop density conditions (a row spacing of 40 cm). Chamomile plants were found to exhibit better health under the influence of double application of the biofertilizers Herbagreen Basic and Bio-algeen.

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Changes in Weed Communities, Herbicides, Yield Levels and Effect of Weeds on Yield in Winter Cereals Based on Three Decades of Field Experiments in South-Western Germany

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation

Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation

Weed control in a pesticide‐free farming system with mineral fertilisers

Weed Infestation and Health of Organically Grown Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.) Depending on Selected Foliar Sprays and Row Spacing

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