Changes of Lipid Concentrations in Liver and Serum by Administration of Carnitine Added Diets in Rats.

Shimura, Sumiko; Hasegawa, Tadao

doi:10.1292/jvms.55.845

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Hongu and Sachan (32) reported that fat pad weights and total lipids of epididymal, inguinal and perirenal regions were significantly reduced by the supplement as well as by exercise although they used caffeine and choline as a supplement besides carnitine. Shimura and Hasegawa (34) reported that levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in liver of rats fed a high fat diet decreased with administration of carnitine. The slightly lower food intake in BE than Control (92.4%) might affect body fat level to some extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beef Extract Supplementation Increases Leg Muscle Mass and Modifies Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Rats

Yoshihara

Wakamatsu

Kawabata

et al. 2006

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThe objective of this research was to investigate the effects of beef extract on fat metabolism, muscle mass and muscle fiber types in rats. We also investigated the synergetic effect of endurance exercise. Twenty-four male rats weighing about 270 g were assigned to two diets containing 0 or 6% beef extract (BE). Half the rats fed each diet were subjected to compulsory exercise (CE) for 30 min every other day. After 4 weeks feeding, the blood was collected and various organs were dissected. The muscle fiber type of the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were evaluated by histochemical and electrophoretical analyses. Rats supplemented with BE showed a decrease in fat content in liver and abdomen and an increase in the activity of carnitine palmitoyl transferase II in liver. BE as well as exercise increased the relative weights of both soleus and EDL. BE alone and BE plus CE did not affect the distribution of muscle fiber types in soleus. BE without exercise decreased in type IIb of EDL from 54% to 44% with compensatory increase in type IIa from 41% to 49% and type I from 5% to 7% compared with the nonsupplemented, nonexercised control group. No synergetic effect on a fast to slow fiber conversion due to the combination of BE and CE was detected. Thus, BE supplement increased muscle mass and slow type fiber in EDL. The effects of BE supplement on muscle characteristics were similar to those of exercise. Key Words beef extract, fat metabolism, muscle fiber type, muscle mass, L -carnitine A great deal of research has been done to elucidate the general nutritional value of beef on the growth of human subjects and the effects of protein quality and exercise on the growth and protein metabolism of animals and human beings ( 1-3 ). However, existing information about the nutritional effects of beef extract on muscle metabolism is not sufficient.Skeletal muscle is composed of at least three fiber types on the basis of their contractile and energy metabolic properties; type I fibers exhibit an aerobic energy metabolism (slow-twitch fiber), type IIb fibers are predominantly glycolytic (fast-twitch fiber) and type IIa fibers are the intermediate type exhibiting both oxidative and glycolytic metabolisms. Lipids are easily accumulated in type I fibers ( 4 ), while glycogen depletion occurs primarily in the type II ( 5 ). It is well known that cross-reinnervation, electrical stimulation or exercise evokes the fiber type conversion, although the molecular mechanisms mediating the transformation are not clearly elucidated ( 6 , 7 ). This means that skeletal muscle cells possess a capacity to respond and adapt to metabolic changes imposed by physical stimulation or neural stimulation. Concretely, endurance exercise requiring the consumption of oxygen stimulates a shift to the slow twitch, oxidative muscle fibers ( 8 ). The fiber types of adult skeletal muscle are closely related to energy metabolic characteristics as described above. Nutrition-induced regulation in mRNA levels for a number of metabolic gene...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beef Extract Supplementation Increases Leg Muscle Mass and Modifies Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Rats

Yoshihara

Wakamatsu

Kawabata

et al. 2006

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…However, in contrast with these results, LC administration decreased the blood lipids in the animals and humans. However, this effect occurred if the blood levels of cholesterol and/or triacylglycerol were elevated due to the metabolic disorders or dietary manipulations (Hoppel and Brass 1978;Paulson and Shug 1981;Pola et al 1983;Vacha et al 1983;Brady et al 1986;Bell et al 1987;Maccari et al 1987;Shimura and Hasegawa 1993). In the non-diabetic rats, the blood levels of FC increased from the first week of LC or DLC supplementation (200 or 400 mg.kg -1 .day -1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oral L-carnitine and DL-carnitine supplementation on alloxan-diabetic rats

Bazotte

Lopes-Bertolini

2012

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…Concentration of L-carnitinein in beef has found to be 1300 mg per kg of thigh [37]. L-carnitine has also been found to lower the cholesterol level of our body [38]. Calcium absorbing property of L-carnitine improves skeletal strength and it helps body to build lean muscle mass by chromium picolinate absorption.…”

Section: L-carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Meat-based Functional Foods: A Review

2017

J App Biol Biotech

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Meat products can be made healthier by optimizing the concentrations of bioactive compounds present in meat e.g. CLA, L-Carnitine etc. Different strategies for modifying the concentration of healthy compounds in meat to produce safe and healthier functional food products are discussed in the review. These strategies include meat production, handling, storage and utilization processes. The assessment of these functional food products is necessary to measure the functional capacity of these foods. Research in the field of intervention studies on functional variability of modified meat products in humans have also been discussed.

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Changes of Lipid Concentrations in Liver and Serum by Administration of Carnitine Added Diets in Rats.

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Beef Extract Supplementation Increases Leg Muscle Mass and Modifies Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Rats

Beef Extract Supplementation Increases Leg Muscle Mass and Modifies Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Rats

Effects of oral L-carnitine and DL-carnitine supplementation on alloxan-diabetic rats

Development of Meat-based Functional Foods: A Review

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