Changing stock of biomass carbon in a boreal forest over 93 years

Kauppi, Pekka E.; Rautiainen, Aapo; Korhonen, K.; Lehtonen, Aleksi; Liski, Jari; Nöjd, Pekka; Tuominen, Sakari; Haakana, Markus; Virtanen, Tarmo

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.044

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Second, land demand for wood products can have variable effects on forest cover, depending on logging practices (clear-cutting versus selective logging), on the origin of timber (from plantations, primary, or secondary forests), and on the likelihood that logged land will be converted into agricultural land. Adequate forestry management could allow simultaneous increases in harvests and forest biomass (26), but these management strategies are uncommon in the tropical regions that are the most likely to absorb the bulk of future displacement of land use for agricultural and forestry products. Overall, displacement of land use for both agricultural and forestry products from one country is likely to affect natural forests elsewhere, mainly in the tropics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest transitions, trade, and the global displacement of land use

Meyfroidt

Rudel²,

Lambin³

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

495

281

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Reducing tropical deforestation is an international priority, given its impacts on carbon emissions and biodiversity. We examined whether recent forest transitions—a shift from net deforestation to net reforestation—involved a geographic displacement of forest clearing across countries through trade in agricultural and forest products. In most of the seven developing countries that recently experienced a forest transition, displacement of land use abroad accompanied local reforestation. Additional global land-use change embodied in their net wood trade offset 74% of their total reforested area. Because the reforesting countries continued to export more agricultural goods than they imported, this net displacement offset 22% of their total reforested area when both agriculture and forestry sectors are included. However, this net displacement increased to 52% during the last 5 y. These countries thus have contributed to a net global reforestation and/or decrease in the pressure on forests, but this global environmental benefit has been shrinking during recent years. The net decrease in the pressure on forests does not account for differences in their ecological quality. Assessments of the impacts of international policies aimed at reducing global deforestation should integrate international trade in agricultural and forest commodities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest transitions, trade, and the global displacement of land use

Meyfroidt

Rudel²,

Lambin³

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

495

281

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“…Forests remove C from the atmosphere, but they also provide ecosystem services and supply products such as timber, wood fibre and energy to meet society's demands. Atmospheric benefits of forest management in the 20th century may often have been a secondary benefit of our desire to maximize the yield of these products (Kauppi et al, 2010). The IPCC concluded that ‘a sustainable forest management strategy, aimed at maintaining or increasing forest C stocks, while providing an annual sustained yield of timber, fibre and energy from the forest will generate the largest sustained mitigation benefit’ (Nabuurs et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of future disturbance regimes on the carbon balance of Canada’s managed forest (2010–2100)

Metsaranta

Kurz

Neilson

et al. 2010

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C T Recent increases in fire and insect disturbances have contributed to a transition of Canada's managed forest carbon balance from sink to source. Further increases in area burned could contribute positive feedback to climate change. We made probabilistic forecasts of the recovery of C sinks in Canada's managed forest between 2010 and 2100 under two assumptions about future area burned by wildfire: (1) no increase relative to levels observed in the last half of the 20th century and (2) linear increases by a factor of two or four (depending on region) from 2010 to 2100. Recovery of strong C sinks in Canada's managed forest will be delayed until at least the 2030s because of insect outbreaks, even if predicted increases in area annually burned do not occur. After 2050, our simulations project an annual probability of a sink near 70% with no increase in area burned and 35% with increasing area burned. All simulations project a cumulative C source from 2010-2100, even if annual area burned does not increase. If the sink strength of terrestrial ecosystems is reduced because of increasing natural disturbances, then it will become more difficult to achieve global atmospheric CO 2 stabilization targets.

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“…The evolution of forest carbon for Finland and the United States has been described more broadly in Liski et al (2006) and Birdsey et al (2006), respectively. The longest time series, to our knowledge, of statistically representative measurements of timber resources is from a subregion in Finland, where the fieldwork was initiated in 1912 (Kauppi et al, 2010). The first national forest inventories from Finland were carried out in the 1920s and 1930s (Ilvessalo, 1927(Ilvessalo, , 1942, and the national forest inventory in the United States was begun in the 1930s (LaBau et al, 2007).…”

Section: P E Kauppi Et Al: Effects Of Land Management On Large Trementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of land management on large trees and carbon stocks

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Large trees are important and unique organisms in forests, providing ecosystem services including carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and long-term storage. Some reports have raised concerns about the global decline of large trees. Based on observations from two regions in Finland and three regions in the United States we report that trends of large trees during recent decades have been surprisingly variable among regions. In southern Finland, the growing stock volume of trees larger than 30 cm at breast height increased nearly five-fold during the second half of the 20th century, yet more recently ceased to expand. In the United States, large hardwood trees have become increasingly common in the Northeast since the 1950s, while large softwood trees declined until the mid 1990s as a consequence of harvests in the Pacific region, and then rebounded when harvesting there was reduced. We conclude that in the regions studied, the history of land use and forest management governs changes of the diameter-class distributions of tree populations. Large trees have significant benefits; for example, they can constitute a large proportion of the carbon stock and affect greatly the carbon density of forests. Large trees usually have deeper roots and long lifetimes. They affect forest structure and function and provide habitats for other species. An accumulating stock of large trees in existing forests may have negligible direct biophysical effects on climate through transpiration or forest albedo. Understanding changes in the demography of tree populations makes a contribution to estimating the past impact and future potential of forests in the global carbon budget and to assessing other ecosystem services of forests.

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Changing stock of biomass carbon in a boreal forest over 93 years

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

Forest transitions, trade, and the global displacement of land use

Forest transitions, trade, and the global displacement of land use

Implications of future disturbance regimes on the carbon balance of Canada’s managed forest (2010–2100)

Effects of land management on large trees and carbon stocks

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