Changing the tune using bioelectronics

Chang, Eric H.

doi:10.1186/s42234-021-00063-x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…If more chronic approaches are developed for imaging, a biocompatible semi-rigid compartment to stabilize the ganglion would be needed to control for movement artifacts. Continued development and stabilization strategies may enable chronic awake-behaving imaging in the future, which would provide an improved measure of structure-function relationships in neuromodulation and bioelectronic-based approaches ( Chang 2021 ). In regards to our machine learning classifier, there are also important constraints to be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium imaging and analysis of the jugular-nodose ganglia enables identification of distinct vagal sensory neuron subsets

et al. 2023

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Objective. Sensory nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmit afferent signals from the body to the brain. These peripheral nerves are composed of distinct subsets of fibers and associated cell bodies, which reside in peripheral ganglia distributed throughout the viscera and along the spinal cord. The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a complex polymodal nerve that transmits a wide array of sensory information, including signals related to mechanical, chemical, and noxious stimuli. To understand how stimuli applied to the vagus nerve are encoded by vagal sensory neurons in the jugular-nodose ganglia, we developed a framework for micro-endoscopic calcium imaging and analysis. Approach. We developed novel methods for in vivo imaging of the intact jugular-nodose ganglion using a miniature microscope (Miniscope) in transgenic mice with the genetically-encoded calcium indicator GCaMP6f. We adapted the Python-based analysis package Calcium Imaging Analysis (CaImAn) to process the resulting one-photon fluorescence data into calcium transients for subsequent analysis. Random forest classification was then used to identify specific types of neuronal responders. Results. We demonstrate that recordings from the jugular-nodose ganglia can be accomplished through careful surgical dissection and ganglia stabilization. Using a customized acquisition and analysis pipeline, we show that subsets of vagal sensory neurons respond to different chemical stimuli applied to the vagus nerve. Successful classification of the responses with a random forest model indicates that certain calcium transient features, such as amplitude and duration, are important for encoding these stimuli by sensory neurons. Significance. This experimental approach presents a new framework for investigating how individual vagal sensory neurons encode various stimuli on the vagus nerve. Our surgical and analytical approach can be applied to other PNS ganglia in rodents and other small animal species to elucidate previously unexplored roles for peripheral neurons in a diverse set of physiological functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium imaging and analysis of the jugular-nodose ganglia enables identification of distinct vagal sensory neuron subsets

et al. 2023

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“…While technology advances at a quick pace, neuromodulation’s ultimate potential can be realized when the relationship between nerve activity and physiological function is thoroughly known ( 4 , 6 ), thus allowing translation of biological information into appropriate engineering specifications ( 16 , 132 ). The knowledge gap of vagal physiology, functional anatomy and neuromodulation mechanisms inevitably also affects the selectivity of neural interfaces and of neuromodulation protocols ( 133 ).…”

Section: Vagus Nerve Stimulation For Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, new therapeutical strategies are currently being investigated as an alternative to classical schemes. Among those, the solutions offered by Bioelectronic Medicine (BM) ( 2 – 5 )—a new, highly interdisciplinary field incorporating neuroscience, engineering, and molecular medicine ( 4 , 6 )—are emerging as appealing candidates. The development of BM was inspired by the growing comprehension of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which plays a key role in the control of whole-body homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed-Loop Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: State of the Art and Future Directions

Ottaviani

Vallone

Micera

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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The autonomic nervous system exerts a fine beat-to-beat regulation of cardiovascular functions and is consequently involved in the onset and progression of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Selective neuromodulation of the brain-heart axis with advanced neurotechnologies is an emerging approach to corroborate CVDs treatment when classical pharmacological agents show limited effectiveness. The vagus nerve is a major component of the cardiac neuroaxis, and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a promising application to restore autonomic function under various pathological conditions. VNS has led to encouraging results in animal models of CVDs, but its translation to clinical practice has not been equally successful, calling for more investigation to optimize this technique. Herein we reviewed the state of the art of VNS for CVDs and discuss avenues for therapeutic optimization. Firstly, we provided a succinct description of cardiac vagal innervation anatomy and physiology and principles of VNS. Then, we examined the main clinical applications of VNS in CVDs and the related open challenges. Finally, we presented preclinical studies that aim at overcoming VNS limitations through optimization of anatomical targets, development of novel neural interface technologies, and design of efficient VNS closed-loop protocols.

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“…Since Luigi Galvani discovered bioelectricity, 1,2 it has given us an effective way to understand the behaviors of biological tissues by electrophysiological monitoring via external electronic devices, the so-called bioelectronic interface or bioelectronics. 3 Bioelectronics is an emerging subject constituted by the mutual penetration of biology and electronic information science.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%