Channel Measurement and Modeling of the Small-Scale Fading Characteristics for Urban Inland River Environment

Yu, Jiguo; Chen, Wei; Li, Fang; Li, Changzhen; Yang, Kun; Liu, Yi; Chang, Fuxing

doi:10.1109/twc.2020.2972885

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For the proposal presented in this work, it is necessary to know the Rician K factor for each diversity branch, which is a problem of channel estimation. However, some recent techniques have been proposed to estimate these factors in different scenarios [53]- [56]. Finally, aspects such as imperfect CSI and correlated fading between diversity branches were not considered in our proposal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Non-Ideal Sectorized SFR Cellular Systems in Rician Fading Channels With Unbalanced Diversity

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, low reuse factors are used in cellular systems because of high traffic demand, despite it produces high co-cell interference (CCI) levels. Consequently, soft-frequency-reuse (SFR) and sectorization are used to improve the spectral efficiency and to mitigate CCI. In addition, diversity techniques are necessary for a good system performance. Motivated by this scenario, for the uplink of orthogonal-frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, the bit error rate (BER) and the cellular spectral efficiency using multilevel-quadrature-amplitude-modulation (M-QAM) and maximalratio-combining (MRC) in Rician fading channels are analyzed, where diversity branches have different Rician K-factors (unbalanced diversity). SFR is used assuming non-ideal sectorized cells due to the irregular radiation pattern of base station antennas. An exact integral-form expression and a closed-form upper-bound to evaluate the BER are obtained. In addition, an algorithm, and an expression to calculate the cellular spectral efficiency are presented considering that a target BER must be guaranteed for all users in the cell. From the analysis, it is determined that the BER can be reduced and the spectral efficiency can be improved if some system operating parameters are selected in an adequate manner. Thus, it was noticed that the number of diversity branches, the sum of the K factors of these branches, and the antenna type, are decisive to guarantee the target BER and to maximize the cellular spectral efficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Non-Ideal Sectorized SFR Cellular Systems in Rician Fading Channels With Unbalanced Diversity

et al. 2020

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“…The fading distribution, which fits better to the results is not Rayleigh as it could be foreseen, but Weibull and the values of the distribution parameters for each tap are provided as well in Tables 3-6. Regarding the better fitting to a Weibull distribution rather than to a Rayleigh, the reason is that scatterers are not uniformly distributed in the tunnel because they come from the tunnel walls, which was studied in the literature [42] as well as in some experiments in the field [43] and it is the main assumption related to Weibull Distribution (15).…”

Section: A High-speed Railway Tunnelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulation of Radio Technologies for Railways: A Tapped-Delay-Line Channel Model for Tunnels

et al. 2021

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Radio access technologies (RATs) are a key topic in railways, enabling them a better service rendering in terms of shorter headways between trains, higher safety levels and higher customer satisfaction. Very often, these railway RATs need a lot of time to be developed, tested and put into service, which implies a lack of efficiency and bottlenecks in the evolution of railway systems. To solve this situation, an emulation platform that considers both the physical layer and the network (this is, able to emulate the end-to-end chain) is envisaged in the EmulRadio4Rail project. Therefore, the physical layer of many railway scenarios must be emulated, which is a remarkable challenge because railways are very diverse. We see Tapped-Delay Lines (TDL) models as the most efficient way for emulation with the available hardware. In the literature, there are many TDL-based channel models for all the scenarios we considered but one: tunnels. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, we develop a novel TDL model for railway tunnels, considering the impact of the rolling stock (both high-speed railway (HSR) and subway trains). The proposed model allows the full characterization of this scenario in terms of power-delay-profile (PDP), Doppler spectrum and fading characteristics.INDEX TERMS Channel modelling, propagation, railway communications, tapped-delay-line models, tunnel.

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“…

represents the time-delay index and

denotes the number of sampling points in each chirp signal in the time-delay domain. Because a channel sounder was employed in many other measurements in various scenarios (see, for example, [ 41 , 42 ]), the CIR calculation can be found in [ 42 ].…”

Section: Local Region Of Stationarity Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Non-Stationarity for 5.9 GHz Channel in Multiple Vehicle-to-Vehicle Scenarios

Chen

Shui

2021

Sensors

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The vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) radio channel is non-stationary due to the rapid movement of vehicles. However, the stationarity of the V2V channels is an important indicator of the V2V channel characteristics. Therefore, we analyzed the non-stationarity of V2V radio channels using the local region of stationarity (LRS). We selected seven scenarios, including three directions of travel, i.e., in the same, vertical, and opposite directions, and different speeds and environments in a similar driving direction. The power delay profile (PDP) and LRS were estimated from the measured channel impulse responses. The results show that the most important influences on the stationary times are the direction and the speed of the vehicles. The average stationary times for driving in the same direction range from 0.3207 to 1.9419 s, the average stationary times for driving in the vertical direction are 0.0359–0.1348 s, and those for driving in the opposite direction are 0.0041–0.0103 s. These results are meaningful for the analysis of the statistical characteristics of the V2V channel, such as the delay spread and Doppler spread. Small-scale fading based on the stationary times affects the quality of signals transmitted in the V2V channel, including the information transmission rate and the information error code rate.

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Channel Measurement and Modeling of the Small-Scale Fading Characteristics for Urban Inland River Environment

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Performance Analysis of Non-Ideal Sectorized SFR Cellular Systems in Rician Fading Channels With Unbalanced Diversity

Performance Analysis of Non-Ideal Sectorized SFR Cellular Systems in Rician Fading Channels With Unbalanced Diversity

Emulation of Radio Technologies for Railways: A Tapped-Delay-Line Channel Model for Tunnels

Analysis of Non-Stationarity for 5.9 GHz Channel in Multiple Vehicle-to-Vehicle Scenarios

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