Chaos-based diffusion for highly autocorrelated data in encryption algorithms

Ahmad, Jawad; Hwang, Seong Oun

doi:10.1007/s11071-015-2281-0

Cited by 109 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…If the initial condition value is insignificantly changed the output at other ends will show immensely fickleness. Chaos behavior exists surrounding when looking into nature [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. The basic schematic chart of image encryption is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Nonlinear Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

Masood

Ahmad

Shah

et al. 2020

Entropy

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111

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Chaos-based encryption schemes have attracted many researchers around the world in the digital image security domain. Digital images can be secured using existing chaotic maps, multiple chaotic maps, and several other hybrid dynamic systems that enhance the non-linearity of digital images. The combined property of confusion and diffusion was introduced by Claude Shannon which can be employed for digital image security. In this paper, we proposed a novel system that is computationally less expensive and provided a higher level of security. The system is based on a shuffling process with fractals key along with three-dimensional Lorenz chaotic map. The shuffling process added the confusion property and the pixels of the standard image is shuffled. Three-dimensional Lorenz chaotic map is used for a diffusion process which distorted all pixels of the image. In the statistical security test, means square error (MSE) evaluated error value was greater than the average value of 10000 for all standard images. The value of peak signal to noise (PSNR) was 7.69(dB) for the test image. Moreover, the calculated correlation coefficient values for each direction of the encrypted images was less than zero with a number of pixel change rate (NPCR) higher than 99%. During the security test, the entropy values were more than 7.9 for each grey channel which is almost equal to the ideal value of 8 for an 8-bit system. Numerous security tests and low computational complexity tests validate the security, robustness, and real-time implementation of the presented scheme.Entropy 2020, 22, 274 2 of 28 scientist Claude Shannon in the year 1949, the same person introduced the property of confusion and diffusion. The property of randomness helped in securing digital multimedia information. The security of digital bitstream became one of the central issues when the data was transformed into a digital bitstream. The privacy of digital information posed a new problem in the digital world. The secure digital data in the form of binary bits are openly accessible for hackers. The data can be easily obtainable from the far site using the internet. It needs proper measurements to secure digital information over an insecure line of communication [1][2][3]. The digital data can be secured by hiding the identity of the original digital image over the secret cover image or another approach is pixels distortion or encryption. The first method of securing digital information is information hiding techniques and the study of steganography, which means the value of the data is preserved under the secret image. The image security is a very important issue as compared to textual security, where image pixels are to be examined concerning nearby pixels in a different orientation. The more pixels are dissimilar means the proposed encryption technique is more suitable for brute force attacks. Moreover, plain image pixels are always correlated to each other where an attacker can easily find secret information. Chaos-based encryption technique is preferred over some ...

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Section: Nonlinear Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

Masood

Ahmad

Shah

et al. 2020

Entropy

Self Cite

111

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“…Another drawback is the non-uniform distribution of state values in the range of [0, 1]. In [37], authors point out that the logistic map for μ = 3.9 has aperiodic behavior. Instead of using the range of 3.57 ≤ μ ≤ 4, one can fix the value of μ, however, which results in a lower key space.…”

Section: Tent Chaotic Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel S-Box Design Algorithm Based on a New Compound Chaotic System

Zhu

Wang

2019

Entropy

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Substitution-boxes (S-Boxes) are important non-linear components in block cryptosystem, which play an important role in the security of cryptosystems. Constructing S-Boxes with a strong cryptographic feature is an important step in designing block cipher systems. In this paper, a novel algorithm for constructing S-Boxes based on a new compound chaotic system is presented. Firstly, the new chaotic system, tent–logistic system, is proposed, which has better chaotic performance and wider chaotic range than the tent and logistic system, and can not only increase the randomness of the chaotic sequences but also expand the key space of cryptosystems. Secondly, a novel linear mapping is employed to construct the initial S-Box. Then, the permutation operation on the initial S-Box is performed by using chaotic sequence generated with the tent–logistic system, which improves the cryptographic features of the S-Box. The idea behind the proposed work is to make supplementary safe S-box. Detail tests for cryptographic strength of the proposed S-Box are performed by using different standard benchmarks. The test results and performance analysis show that our proposed S-Box has very smaller values of linear probability (LP) and differential probability (DP) and a satisfactory average value of nonlinearity compared with other S-Boxes, showing its excellent application potential in block cipher system.

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“…The intrinsic features of digital image are different from text and as a result researchers are proposing new schemes instead of using traditional cryptographic techniques. In these proposed algorithms, many algorithms are pixel permutation-only schemes which do not provide enough security against well-known cryptographic attacks [1][2][3][4][5]. In recent years, a close relationship between chaos and cryptography has been explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compression sensing and noise-tolerant image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices

Ahmad

Khan

Hwang

et al. 2016

Neural Comput & Applic

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With the evolution of technologies, the size of an image data has been significantly increased. However, traditional image encryption schemes cannot handle the emerging problems in big data such as noise toleration and compression. In order to meet today's challenges, we propose a new image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices. The main core of the proposed scheme is based on the interesting properties of an orthogonal matrix. To obtain a random orthogonal matrix via the Gram Schmidt algorithm, a well-known nonlinear chaotic map is used in the proposed scheme to diffuse pixels values of a plaintext image. In the process of blockwise random permutation, the logistic map is employed followed by the diffusion process. The experimental results and security analyses such as key space, differential and statistical attacks show that the proposed scheme is secure enough and robust against channel noise and JPEG compression. In addition to complete encryption for higher security, it also supports partial encryption for faster processing as well.

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Chaos-based diffusion for highly autocorrelated data in encryption algorithms

Cited by 109 publications

References 35 publications

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

A Novel S-Box Design Algorithm Based on a New Compound Chaotic System

A compression sensing and noise-tolerant image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices

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