Chapitre 7. Gouvernement de la nature et gouvernement des hommes

Jacob, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.4000/books.irdeditions.10363

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“…But family solidarity can also be a constraint. Referring to Burkina Faso, Jacob (2007: 18, our translation) wrote that: ‘the producers are never totally freed from the necessities of the moral economy, notably from their obligations to satisfy the solidarity or redistribution demands within the framework of the family, the lineage (particularly during funerals) or the village (contributions for sacrifices in order to call the rain for example)’.…”

Section: Some Unifying Elements Of the Different Systems Of Possessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Expanding on Marx’s distinction between land as a ‘means of production’ versus land as an ‘object of production’, Georgescu-Roegen (1976 [1965]) and Meillassoux (1975) noted that in traditional agrarian systems, ownership is often not strategically linked to the land per se but to its products (but see Jacob, 2007, for an opposite case in a society in transition).…”

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Basic principles of possession-based economies

Gerber

Steppacher

2016

Anthropological Theory

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The theory of ownership developed by Gunnar Heinsohn and Otto Steiger crucially distinguishes between ‘property’ – fostering modern credit/debt contracts in all their variety – and ‘possession’ – regulating the material reproduction of all societies. These two authors and their increasing number of followers have shed valuable light on the dynamics of capitalism, characterized as an economy strategically driven by property, but they have had little to say about the logic of possession. The present article intends to contribute to fill this gap. While each possession-based economic system has its own specific institutions and rationality, we argue that it is still possible to discern some overarching patterns that can be theorized. We discuss seven preliminary propositions that explain basic principles of possession-based economies: (1) under possession, work creates entitlement; (2) possession coexists with a community-based subsistence ethics; (3) the economic logic of possession centers on the family; (4) possession is embedded into larger sociocultural systems; (5) possession and biotic resources, when combined, have a good chance to be sustainable; (6) possession favors a multiple complementarity between resources and needs; and (7) the logics of possession and of property are prone to clash. Everywhere around the world, and often for more than a century, possession-based regimes are being transformed under the influence of property-driven economies. Yet sustainable and egalitarian alternatives to (property-led) capitalism are likely to be built on possession-oriented systems.

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Section: Some Unifying Elements Of the Different Systems Of Possessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%