Chapter 12: Generic Diagnostic Issues for a Burning Plasma Experiment

Vayakis, G.; Hodgson, E.R.; Voitsenya, V.S.; Walker, Chris

doi:10.13182/fst08-a1684

Cited by 92 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…However, both modeling and experiments suggest that this approach will not be effective. Single crystal mirrors (e.g., [23]) remain the best possibility for these applications. Experimental measurements, e.g., AFM, include a noise component, composed of short wavelength "oscillations": sharp peaks, or larger-scale "goose skin" patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Voitsenya

Balden

Bardamid

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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The characteristics of surface microrelief that appear in sputtering experiments with polycrystalline metals of various grain sizes have been studied. Specimens with grain sizes varying from 30 -70 nm in the case of crystallized amorphous alloys, to 1 -3 µm for technical tungsten grade and 10 -100 μm for recrystallized tungsten were investigated. A model is proposed for the development of roughness on polycrystalline metals which is based on the dependence of sputtering rate on crystal orientation. The results of the modeling are in good agreement with experiments showing that the length scale of roughness is much larger than the grain size. Voitsenya et al.Surface relief due to sputtering of polycrystalline metals

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the low sputtering yield for deuterium ions on W, Ar plasmas were used for W specimens to reduce the required sputtering time. Prior to any optical measurements, specimens were cleaned by a short exposure, ~2·10 23 ion/m 2 , to low energy, ~60…”

Section: Experimental Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Voitsenya

Balden

Bardamid

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…They endure some of the highest nuclear and electromagnetic (EM) loads of any diagnostic for the longest time (Table 1 and ref. [2]). They also have reduced maintainability compared to diagnostics in ports [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear technology aspects of ITER vessel-mounted diagnostics

Vayakis

Bertalot

Encheva

et al. 2011

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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ITER has diagnostics with machine protection, basic and advanced control, and physics roles. Several are distributed on the inner and outer periphery of the vacuum vessel. They have reduced maintainability compared to diagnostics in ports. They also endure some of the highest nuclear and EM loads of any diagnostic for the longest time. They include:Inductive sensors for time-integrated and raw inductive measurements; Steady-state magnetic sensors to correct drifts of the inductive sensors;Bolometer cameras to provide electromagnetic radiation tomography; Microfission chambers and neutron activation stations to provide fusion power and fluence; MM-wave reflectometry to measure the plasma density profile and the plasma-wall distance and;Wiring to service magnetics, bolometry, and in-vessel instrumentation. This paper summarises the key technological issues these diagnostics arising from the nuclear environment, recent progress and outstanding R&D for each system.

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“…4) Is the effect of radiation on insulators significant? Numerous efforts have been undertaken to investigate the effects of neutron and/or γ-ray irradiation on diagnostics components [8][9][10][11]. Figure 1 shows the fast-neutron flux distribution (E > 0.1 MeV) around the FFHR2m1 [12] calculated by the Monte Carlo neutron transport calculation code MCNP-5 [13].…”

Section: Effect Of Neutron Irradiation On Diagnostic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Diagnostics Required for a Heliotron-Type DEMO Reactor

Isobe

Akiyama

Tokuzawa

et al. 2012

Plasma and Fusion Research

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The plasma diagnostics required for a heliotron-type DEMO reactor are discussed in terms of real-time burn control and safe operation of the machine. The minimum diagnostic set having the smallest footprint are essential in DEMO. Neutron transport calculation suggests that the diagnostic components used in existing experiments will deteriorate immediately in a DEMO reactor hall if they are not protected by a neutron shield. Neutron energy spectrometry is a promising diagnostic that is expected to play an important role in diagnosing DEMO plasmas, providing a fusion energy output, fuel ion temperature, ratio of deuteron density n D to triton density n T , and velocity distribution of confined α particles.

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Chapter 12: Generic Diagnostic Issues for a Burning Plasma Experiment

Cited by 92 publications

References 138 publications

Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Nuclear technology aspects of ITER vessel-mounted diagnostics

Plasma Diagnostics Required for a Heliotron-Type DEMO Reactor

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