Chapter 13 Applications of ceramic membranes in liquid filtration

Siskens, C. A. M.

doi:10.1016/s0927-5193(96)80016-7

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The ceramic types of membranes are primarily created using silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, or a combination of these materials. Because of their substantially higher manufacturing costs, the application of ceramic membranes is presently limited to cases where polymeric membranes cannot be properly used, such as in processes involving radioactives/heavily contaminated feeds, highly reactive environments, and elevated operating temperatures [5]. In most cases, ceramic membranes are based on a meso-or micro-porous active layer and a macro-porous support layer.…”

Section: Ceramic/inorganic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Desalination RO Membranes

Abdelrasoul¹,

Doan²,

Lohi³

2017

Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology

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Since the initial operation of the first reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants, only polymeric membranes have been employed for industrial use. As described in the previous chapter, the various advancements in the conventional polymeric RO membranes have been rather limited since the late 1990s, especially in the membrane permeability issue. Although new membrane modules have been released, however most of them are improved through a method that relies on increasing the membrane area per module. Recently, advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of nanostructured materials which may form the basis for new RO membranes. Li and Wang have included inorganic membranes and thin film nanocomposite membranes in a recent review, whereas Mauter and Elimelech have discussed the potential of carbon nanotube membranes for use as high flux membrane filters. In this chapter, the development of membranes that have been discussed in the previous two reviews will be briefly highlighted with a particular focus on the possibility of them being engineered into commercial RO membranes. At the same time this chapter includes a discussion about structured polymeric membranes synthesized via a new course featuring carbon-derived nanoporous membranes and biomimetic membranes. The coverage of all proposed novel desalination RO membranes in this section is aimed to provide a general overview of these materials and to draw a fair comparison of them possibly being developed into commercial RO membranes.

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Section: Ceramic/inorganic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Desalination RO Membranes

Abdelrasoul¹,

Doan²,

Lohi³

2017

Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology

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“…They are mechanically strong and durable and can withstand high pressure in industrial applications ( Lee et al, 2015 ). However, they are heavyweight, expensive, and physically brittle ( Siskens, 1996 ). On the other hand, although carbon-based membranes such as CNTs and graphene possess high surface area, uniform porosity, tunable surface chemistry, chemical and thermal stability, and high charge conduction ( Gu et al, 2016 ), they show low resistance to fouling and uniform pore size distribution ( Fard et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Laser Deposited Zeolite Coatings on Femtosecond Laser-Nanostructured Steel Meshes for Durable Superhydrophilic/Oleophobic Functionalities

et al. 2021

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Ultrafast laser structuring has proven to alter the wettability performance of surfaces drastically due to controlled modification of the surface roughness and energy. Surface alteration can be achieved also by coating the surfaces with functional materials with enhanced durability. On this line, robust and tunable surface wettability performance can be achieved by the synergic effects of ultrafast laser structuring and coating. In this work, femtosecond laser-structured stainless steel (SS-100) meshes were used to host the growth of NaAlSi2O6–H2O zeolite films. Contact angle measurements were carried on pristine SS-100 meshes, zeolite-coated SS-100 meshes, laser-structured SS-100 meshes, and zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes. Enhanced hydrophilic behavior was observed in the zeolite-coated SS-100 meshes (contact angle 72°) and in laser-structured SS-100 meshes (contact angle 41°). On the other hand, superior durable hydrophilic behavior was observed for the zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes (contact angle 14°) over an extended period and reusability. In addition, the zeolite-coated laser-structured SS-100 meshes were subjected to oil–water separation tests and revealed augmented effectuation for oil–water separation.

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Cr(VI) transport through ceramic ion-exchange membranes for treatment of industrial wastewaters

et al. 2006

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This work is devoted to assessment of the possibility of using ceramic membranes, which contain an ion-exchange component, such as hydrated zirconium dioxide (HZD), for Cr(VI) removal from dilute solutions by electrodialysis. Transport properties of the membranes were investigated. HZD-containing membranes were found to be permeable to anions in acidic media while they demonstrate cation-exchange properties in alkaline media. Cr(VI) anion transport through HZD membranes was studied. It was shown that an increase in the amount of ion-exchanger in the membrane results in a rise in electrodialysis efficiency. The transport number of Cr(VI) species was found to range from 0.33 to 0.63 for currents below the limiting current. It was also shown that increasing the concentration of H + or Cr(VI) ions in the solution to be purified allows higher rate of Cr(VI) ion transport through the membrane. List of symbols a activity (mol m )3 ) A area (m 2 ) C Cr,s concentration of Cr(VI) in the bulk of solution (mol m )3 ) C Cr,s 0 concentration of Cr(VI) in the solution at themembrane surface (mol m )3 ) D Cr,s Cr(VI) diffusion coefficient in the solution (m 2 s )1 ) d distance between the membrane and cathode (m) E cell voltage (V) E m membrane potential (V) F Faraday constant (96485 A s mol )1 ) i membrane current density calculated with allowance for the outersurface area (A m )2 ) i Cr,lim limiting membrane current density caused by transport of Cr(VI) ions (A m )2 ) k Cr mass transport coefficient of Cr(VI) ions (m s )1 ) L membrane length (m) N Cr,m flux of Cr(VI) ions through the membrane (mol m )2 s )1 ) N Na,m flux of Na + ions through the membrane (mol m )2 s )1 ) n Cr,a amount of Cr(VI) ions in the anolyte (mol) n Na,c amount of Na + ions in the catholyte (mol) R gas constant (8.314 J mol )1 K )1 ) T temperature (K) t Cr,m transport number of Cr(VI) ions through the membrane (dimensionless) t Cr,s transport number of Cr(VI) ions through the solution (dimensionless) u superficial flow rate (for the cathode compartment) (m s )1 ) z charge of species (dimensionless) Greeks c ratio of anion over cation valences (dimensionless) j specific conductivity (Ohm )1 m )1 ) s time (s, h) m kinematic viscosity (m 2 s )1 ) Dimensionless Groups ReReynolds number

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Chapter 13 Applications of ceramic membranes in liquid filtration

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Novel Desalination RO Membranes

Novel Desalination RO Membranes

Pulsed Laser Deposited Zeolite Coatings on Femtosecond Laser-Nanostructured Steel Meshes for Durable Superhydrophilic/Oleophobic Functionalities

Cr(VI) transport through ceramic ion-exchange membranes for treatment of industrial wastewaters

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