Chapter 3 Indoor air quality and health

Jones, Andy

doi:10.1016/s1474-8177(02)80006-7

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…In general, particulate and gaseous indoor air pollutant concentrations depend on the dynamic relationship between pollutant source and loss processes within buildings. Source processes include: (1) the transport of outdoor air pollution, which can be high in urban areas [4], into the indoor environment via ventilation and infiltration; and (2) indoor emission sources, which include solid and liquid fuel combustion, electronic appliances, cleaning, consumer products, occupants, pets, and volatilization of chemicals from building materials and furnishings [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Loss processes include: (1) ventilation and exfiltration; (2) deposition to indoor surfaces; (3) filtration and air cleaning; and (4) pollutant transformations in the air (i.e., coagulation, gas-phase reactions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Inhaled Deposited Dose of Indoor Combustion-Generated Aerosols in Jordanian Urban Homes

2020

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Indoor combustion processes associated with cooking, heating, and smoking are a major source of aerosols in Jordanian dwellings. To evaluate human exposure to combustion-generated aerosols in Jordanian indoor environments, regional inhaled deposited dose rates of indoor aerosols (10 nm to 25 µm) were determined for different scenarios for adult occupants. The inhaled deposited dose rate provides an estimate of the number or mass of inhaled aerosol that deposits in each region of the respiratory system per unit time. In general, sub-micron particle number (PN1) dose rates ranged from 109 to 1012 particles/h, fine particle mass (PM2.5) dose rates ranged from 3 to 216 µg/h, and coarse particle mass (PM10) dose rates ranged from 30 to 1600 µg/h. Dose rates were found to be dependent on the type and intensity of indoor combustion processes documented in the home. Dose rates were highest during cooking activities using a natural gas stove, heating via natural gas and kerosene, and smoking (shisha/tobacco). The relative fraction of the total dose rate received in the head airways, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions varied among the documented indoor combustion (and non-combustion) activities. The significant fraction of sub-100 nm particles produced during the indoor combustion processes resulted in high particle number dose rates for the alveolar region. Suggested approaches for reducing indoor aerosol dose rates in Jordanian dwellings include a reduction in the prevalence of indoor combustion sources, use of extraction hoods to remove combustion products, and improved ventilation/filtration in residential buildings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Inhaled Deposited Dose of Indoor Combustion-Generated Aerosols in Jordanian Urban Homes

2020

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“…In other words, CO 2 levels higher than 1000 ppm denote insufficient ventilation. Exceeding this threshold can cause sick building syndrome (SBS) problems for residents, such as headaches and respiratory problems [7,[45][46][47][48]. Nevertheless, in naturally ventilated buildings, where occupants have full access to openable windows, minimal indoor CO 2 levels might be preferable.…”

Section: Window Design In Relation To Co 2 and Thermal Comfort In Naturally Ventilated Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Window Design of Naturally Ventilated Offices in the Mediterranean Climate in Terms of CO2 and Thermal Comfort Performance

Abdullah

Alibaba

2020

Sustainability

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Natural ventilation through window openings is an inexpensive and effective solution to bring fresh air into internal spaces and improve indoor environmental conditions. This study attempts to address the “indoor air quality–thermal comfort” dilemma of naturally ventilated office buildings in the Mediterranean climate through the effective use of early window design. An experimental method of computational modelling and simulation was applied. The assessments of indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and adaptive thermal comfort were performed using the British/European standard BS EN 15251:2007. The results indicate that when windows were opened, the first-floor zones were subjected to the highest CO2 levels, especially the north-facing window in the winter and the south-facing window in the summer. For a fully glazed wall, a 10% window opening could provide all the office hours inside category I of CO2 concentration. Such an achievement requires full and quarter window openings in the cases of 10% and 25% window-to-floor ratios (WFR), respectively. The findings of the European adaptive comfort showed that less than 50% of office hours appeared in category III with cross-ventilation. The concluding remarks and recommendations are presented.

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“…Human exposure to VOCs causes several health outcomes ranging from irritation of eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and respiratory tract (Du et al, 2014;Jones, 2002;WHO, 2010a), to life-threatening chronic illnesses such as asthma (Arif and Shah, 2007;Weisel, 2002), atopy (George et al, 2000). Other effects include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Cakmak et al, 2014;Viegi et al, 2006), cardiovascular disease, and cancer (Du et al, 2014;Lewtas, 2007;WHO, 2010a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%