CHAPTER 6. Immobilization of Proteins on Diatom Biosilica

Kröger, Nils; Dubey, Nileshkumar; Kumari, Ekta

doi:10.1039/9781788010160-00126

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…A key goal of diatom based materials synthesis is the development of cell lines that produce biosilica with structures and properties tailored for specific applications. Recently, a genetic engineering based method called live diatom silica incorporation (LiDSI) was established that allows for generating diatom strains, which contain desired fluorescent proteins, receptor proteins, or enzymes in the biosilica [31]. While biosilica functionalization using LiDSI is well developed and even enables regioselective incorporation of proteins [32], the genetic engineering of biosilica structure is still in its infancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational analysis of the effects of nitrogen source and sin1 knockout on biosilica morphology in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

et al. 2021

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Morphogenesis of the silica based cell walls of diatoms, a large group of microalgae, is a paradigm for the self-assembly of complex 3D nano- and microscale patterned inorganic materials. In recent years, loss-of-function studies using genetic manipulation were successfully applied for the identification of genes that guide silica morphogenesis in diatoms. These studies revealed that the loss of one gene can affect multiple morphological parameters, and the morphological changes can be rather subtle being blurred by natural variations in morphology even within the same clone. Both factors severely hamper the identification of morphological mutants using subjective by-eye inspection of electron micrographs. Here we have developed automated image analysis for objectively quantifying the morphology of ridge networks and pore densities from numerous electron micrographs of diatom biosilica. This study demonstrated differences in ridge network morphology and pore density in diatoms growing on ammonium rather than nitrate as the sole nitrogen source. Furthermore, it revealed shortcomings in previous by-eye evaluation of the biosilica phenotype of the silicanin-1 knockout mutant. We anticipate that the computational methods established in the present work will be invaluable for unraveling genotype–phenotype correlations in diatom biosilica morphogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational analysis of the effects of nitrogen source and sin1 knockout on biosilica morphology in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

et al. 2021

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“…Immobilization of proteins onto a solid support material allows improving their functionality by stabilizing their native conformation, which is of great benefit in several applications like catalysis, sensing, and drug delivery [84]. Diatom biosilica, in particular, offers several advantages if used as support material: its porosity, characterized by high values of specific surface area (up to 220 m 2 g −1 ), provides a large capacity for binding proteins and a very effective interaction with several adsorbates [53]; the size of frustule pores is large enough to allow for the incorporation of protein molecules, which have an equivalent hydrodinamic diameter of the order of nanometers [85]; its high chemical and mechanical stability and its hydrophilic properties allow for hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with proteins; its transparency in a wide interval of the visible and infrared spectrum make it possible to analyze the immobilized proteins by optical spectroscopy; finally, its biocompatibility allows for in vivo applications.…”

Section: Fustule Functionalization For Protein Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Chemical, and Genetic Techniques for Diatom Frustule Modification: Applications in Nanotechnology

Rogato

Tommasi

2020

Applied Sciences

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Diatom frustules represent one of the most complex examples of micro- and nano-structured materials found in nature, being the result of a biomineralization process refined through tens of milions of years of evolution. They are constituted by an intricate, ordered porous silica matrix which recently found several applications in optoelectronics, sensing, solar light harvesting, filtering, and drug delivery, to name a few. The possibility to modify the composition and the structure of frustules can further broaden the range of potential applications, adding new functions and active features to the material. In the present work the most remarkable physical and chemical techniques aimed at frustule modification are reviewed, also examining the most recent genetic techniques developed for its controlled morphological mutation.

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“…When electrostatic attraction is the driving force, the adsorption process is highly influenced by environmental conditions such as pH and ionic strength as the ions in solution can shield the charges on the surface of both the protein and the surface. For example, proteins with a net positive charge, which have a surface rich in arginine residues but poor in aromatic ones and are characterized by a low structural rigidity, are more prone to adsorption to the negatively charged hydroxyl-rich surface of biosilica [ 34 , 35 ]. Although the analysis of a protein’s structural features may be complex, it can offer hints as to the optimal immobilization strategy.…”

Section: Protein Structure Surface and Materials Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Protein Features to Sensing Surfaces

Faccio

2018

Sensors

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Proteins play a major role in biosensors in which they provide catalytic activity and specificity in molecular recognition. However, the immobilization process is far from straightforward as it often affects the protein functionality. Extensive interaction of the protein with the surface or significant surface crowding can lead to changes in the mobility and conformation of the protein structure. This review will provide insights as to how an analysis of the physico-chemical features of the protein surface before the immobilization process can help to identify the optimal immobilization approach. Such an analysis can help to preserve the functionality of the protein when on a biosensor surface.

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CHAPTER 6. Immobilization of Proteins on Diatom Biosilica

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Computational analysis of the effects of nitrogen source and sin1 knockout on biosilica morphology in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

Computational analysis of the effects of nitrogen source and sin1 knockout on biosilica morphology in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

Physical, Chemical, and Genetic Techniques for Diatom Frustule Modification: Applications in Nanotechnology

From Protein Features to Sensing Surfaces

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