Chapter VII Serological Identification of Atypical Mycobacteria

Schaefer, Werner B.

doi:10.1016/s0580-9517(08)70377-5

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…scrofulaceum have been classified as members of the M. avium complex on the basis of variable pigmentation, surface antigens, and biochemical reactions (14,29). On the basis of thin-layer chromatography studies of the lipids of M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to Other Members of the Family Mycobacteriaceae

Hurley

Splitter

Welch

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization was used to determine the relationships of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium to 24 mycobacterial strains representing seven species. Our results indicate that M . paratuberculosis should be considered a member of the same genomic species as M. avium and the wood pigeon bacillus. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, which has been considered a member of the M . avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum complex on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, shows little DNA similarity to M . avium, M. intracellulare, or M. paratuberculosis.Classification of the slow-growing mycobacteria on the basis of phenotypic characteristics has been a complicated and uncertain process. There is relatively little variability among strains thought to typify separate species, and there is significant variation in the phenotypic characteristics of isolates which appear to belong to the same species (26,(33)(34)(35). This is particularly true of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Phenotypic variation within the species precludes identification of a clear pattern of biochemical responses in an Adansonian system. The characteristics exhibited by fresh isolates may change with storage or repeated passage (9, 26). Mycobactin dependency, hydrolysis of Tween 80, and catalase activity at pH 5 after heating are the characteristics which have been used to distinguish M . paratuberculosis from Mycobacterium avium. When these criteria are used, the wood pigeon bacillus (22, 33) resembles M . paratuberculosis rather than M . avium, as do some other M . avium isolates cultured from swine lymph nodes and lesions in birds (8,22,26,33).Antibiotic susceptibility patterns have been used in attempts to distinguish M . paratuberculosis from M . avium. M . paratuberculosis is often susceptible to streptomycin and rifampin, as well as to neotetrazolium chloride, whereas M . avium is usually resistant to all three antibiotics. These responses are also variable (9,34).Mycobacterium scrofulaceum has often been included as a member of the M . avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum (MAIS) complex on the basis of phenotypic characteristics (35), although the relationship of M. scrofulaceum to M . paratuberculosis has not been examined by other investigators.There is a need for better methods of defining the relationship of M . paratuberculosis to other mycobacterial species. Although numerous investigations on mycobacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization have been reported (3)(4)(5)7, 10, 13,16,17) MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. The 24 mycobacterial strains used in this study are listed in Table 1. The cells were grown in Middlebrook 7H9 medium supplemented with Dubos oleic-albumin complex (100 ml/liter) and 0.05% Tween 80 and were cultivated by standard methods (9). The M . paratuberculosis cultures were further supplemented with 2 mg of mycobactin J (Allied Laboratories, Inc., Ames, Iowa) per liter. Cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 6,000 x g for 15 min...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to Other Members of the Family Mycobacteriaceae

Hurley

Splitter

Welch

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…Serotyping -The smooth colonies were serotyped by direct agglutination following modified Schaefer's procedure (Schaefer 1980), using rabbit antisera raised against each member of the MAC (serovars 1-28) and M. scrofulaceum (serovars 41-43). The strain suspensions for serotyping were prepared as follows: the organisms were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen medium incubated at 37 o C for two weeks, or until heavy growth was obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to examine the predominant serotypes infecting patients, we analyzed MAC strains isolated from AIDS patients combining both agglutination according to Schaefer (1980) and the nature of the GPLs identified by TLC. The MAC strains were isolated from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, where the rate of AIDS infection is the highest in Brazil (Ministério da Saúde 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Mycobacterium avium Complex Serovars Isolated from AIDS Patients from Southeast Brazil

Saad¹,

Vincent²,

Dawson³

et al. 1997

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Results [2]. The prevalence of human infection with MAC varies in different geographical areas but, since the start of the AIDS epidemic, it has become the commonest nontuberculous mycobacterium associated with human disease [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2,3], thin-layer chromatography [3,4], plasmid analysis [5][6][7], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [3] and restriction fragment length polymorphisms [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtyping ofMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) isolates by thin-layer chromatography – distribution of subtypes from patients with AIDS compared with clinically non-significant isolates

1994

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SUMMARYThin-layer chromatography (TLC) was compared with seroagglutination for subtyping of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria. Seventy-five significant MAC isolates from patients with AIDS were typed by both methods and 36 isolates, judged to be clinically non-significant, were examined by TLC only. Overall, 75 % of isolates tested were typable by seroagglutination and 91 % by TLC; the results correlated between the two except for minor discrepancies.Serovars 1, 8 and 21 and mixed serovars 1-21 and 1-8-21 were common among isolates from AIDS patients and together represented 83 % of isolates compared wvith only 36% in the non-significant group (odds ratio 8-4; 95% confidence interval 3 4-23 3). This difference remained significant after exclusion of serovar 41 (M. scrofulaceum), which was the commonest isolate (28%) in the nonsignificant group but was not isolated from patients with AIDS.

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Chapter VII Serological Identification of Atypical Mycobacteria

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to Other Members of the Family Mycobacteriaceae

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to Other Members of the Family Mycobacteriaceae

Analysis of Mycobacterium avium Complex Serovars Isolated from AIDS Patients from Southeast Brazil

Subtyping ofMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) isolates by thin-layer chromatography – distribution of subtypes from patients with AIDS compared with clinically non-significant isolates

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