Characterisation and mapping of scattered radiation fields in interventional radiology theatres

Abstract

We used the Timepix3 hybrid pixel detector technology in order to determine the exposure of medical personnel to ionizing radiation in an interventional radiology room. We measured the energy spectra of the scattered radiation generated by the patient during X-ray image-guided interventional procedures. We performed measurements at different positions and heights within the theatre. We first observed a difference in fluence for each staff member. As expected, we found that the person closest to the X-ray tube is the most exposed while the least exposed staff member is positioned at the patient’s feet. Additionally, we observed a shift in energy from head to toe for practitioners, clearly indicating a non-homogenous energy exposure. The photon counting Timepix3 detector provides a new tool for radiation field characterisation that is easier-to-use and more compact than conventional X-ray spectrometers. The spectral information is particularly valuable for optimising the use of radiation protection gear and improving dosimetry surveillance programs. We also found the device very useful for training purposes to provide awareness and understanding about radiation protection principles among interventional radiology staff.

Influence of safety glasses, body height and magnification on the occupational eye lens dose during pelvic vascular interventions: a phantom study

“…Additionally, the position of exposed medical staff in the Cath-lab has a strong impact on radiation files. [ 20 ] With regard to our study, a slight increase of the average photon energy can be presumed. On the other hand, even if safety glasses are used, unimpeded scattered photons will reach the lens of eye.…”

What Is Worth Knowing in Interventional Practices about Medical Staff Radiation Exposure Monitoring: A Review of Recent Outcomes of EURADOS Working Group 12

“…Indeed, as said above, the image device can play a role in reducing the exposure of the first operator upper parts. An analogous exposure condition was recently investigated, even in the presence of a ceiling shielding, by the group of Nowak et al [28], who published the spectra of the scattered photons in selected positions in an interventional theater. The complexity of the situation of the scatter reaching the operators in IR can be guessed also considering what happens to the LAO 25 • (left anterior oblique 25 • ) projection (Figure 3).…”

Radiation shielding assessment for interventional radiology personnel: Geant4 dosimetry of lead-free compositions

“…Procedures involving x-rays, conducted through the use of fluoroscopy or CT scan equipment with energies ranging from 10-90 keV (Sabharwal et al 2007), typically require longer irradiation times compared to other radiological procedures. Additionally, interventional radiologists and staff often find themselves in closer proximity to the x-ray source compared to conventional x-ray imaging (Nowak et al 2020). Consequently, apart from the potential for patients to receive high doses of radiation (Ohuchi et al 2007), radiation shielding assumes paramount importance in interventional radiology procedures.…”