Characterisation of Bordetella bronchiseptica isolated from rabbits in Fujian, China

Abstract

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a potential zoonotic pathogen, which mainly causes respiratory diseases in humans and a variety of animal species. B. bronchiseptica is one of the important pathogens isolated from rabbits in Fujian Province. However, the knowledge of the epidemiology and characteristics of the B. bronchiseptica in rabbits in Fujian Province is largely unknown. In this study, 219 B. bronchiseptica isolates recovered from lung samples of dead rabbits with respiratory diseases in Fujian Province were characterised by multi-locus sequencing typing, screening virulence genes and testing antimicrobial susceptibility. The results showed that the 219 isolates were typed into 11 sequence types (STs) including five known STs (ST6, ST10, ST12, ST14 and ST33) and six new STs (ST88, ST89, ST90, ST91, ST92 and ST93) and the ST33 (30.14%, 66/219), ST14 (26.94%, 59/219) and ST12 (16.44%, 36/219) were the three most prevalent STs. Surprisingly, all the 219 isolates carried the five virulence genes (fhaB, prn, cyaA, dnt and bteA) in the polymerase chain reaction screening. Moreover, the isolates were resistant to cefixime, ceftizoxime, cefatriaxone and ampicillin at rates of 33.33%, 31.05%, 11.87% and 3.20%, respectively. This study showed the genetic diversity of B. bronchiseptica in rabbits in Fujian Province, and the colonisation of the human-associated ST12 strain in rabbits in Fujian Province. The results might be useful for monitoring the epidemic strains, developing preventive methods and preventing the transmission of epidemic strains from rabbits to humans.

Isolation, Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes, and Virulence Genes of Bordetella bronchiseptica From Pigs in China, 2018–2020

“…In addition, the majority of the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (99.45%), cefepime (97.79%), enrofloxacin (97.79%), tobramycin (92.27%), gentamicin (86.74%), florfenicol (86.74%), chloramphenicol (86.19%), tetracycline (85.08%), amikacin (83.43%), and amoxicillin (83.43%). These results are in agreement with the results of previous studies in China ( 25 , 39 ), as well as in other countries such as Germany and Korea ( 2 , 40 – 42 ), suggesting these antibiotics might be suitable candidates for treating B. bronchiseptica infections when necessary. A high level of resistance was found for ampicillin (83.98%), followed by resistance for cefotaxime (30.39%).…”

“…A high level of resistance was found for ampicillin (83.98%), followed by resistance for cefotaxime (30.39%). These findings are also in agreement with those from the other articles ( 2 , 25 , 39 ), and in particular, B. bronchiseptica is documented to be commonly resistant to ampicillin ( 2 ). Therefore, these drugs are not recommended to be used in clinic settings.…”

“…Administration of antimicrobials is still one of the most effective way to control B. bronchiseptica and the other bacteria, but the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria may lead to the failure of using antibiotics in clinic (34)(35)(36). Therefore, monitoring the drug resistance profile of clinical microbiology is an important aspect in many epidemiological studies (25,37,38). In this study, we characterized the resistance phenotypes of B. bronchiseptica from pigs in China from 2018 to 2020.…”

“…The presence of five well-characterized VFGs, including the filamentous haemagglutinin encoding gene fhaB , the pertactin encoding gene prn , the adenylate cyclase-haemolysin toxin encoding gene cyaA , the dermonecrotic toxin encoding gene dnt , and the Bordetella type-III secretion system effector A encoding gene bteA in each of the isolates were examined by PCR with primers listed in Table 1 , as described previously ( 25 ). PCR assays were performed in a 20-μL reaction mixture comprised of 2-μL bacterial DNA, each of the forward and reverse primers 1-μL, 2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus) 10-μL, DMSO 2-μL, and ddH 2 O 4-μL.…”

Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Orally Administered Doxycycline to Rabbits at Different Ages

“…[ 3 , 4 ]. These pathogens are sensitive to antibiotics often used in veterinary practice such as broad spectrum penicillins, macrolides, lyncosamides, amynoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Administration of antimicrobials is not well tolerated by rabbits and treatment with penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, and lincosamides is associated with enteritis [ 11 ] as they destroy normal gastrointestinal microbiota allowing overpopulation of pathogenic bacteria such as E.coli and Clostridium spiroforme [ 12 ].…”