Characterisation of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotypes from wild rodents and chigger mites in Korea

Shim, Soo-Kyoung; Choi, Eun Na; Yu, Kwang-Min; Park, H.-J.; Kim, C.-M.; Lee, K.-H.; Park, J.-K.; Park, P.-H.; Yoon, Mi‐Hye; Park, S.-H.; Choi, Yeon‐Joo; Hwang, Kyu-Jam; Park, M.-Y.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02254.x

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Taguchi and UAP7 have never been isolated from rodents or mites in South Korea. Only one Kawasaki strain was isolated by another investigator during the same period as our study, 23 which may provide supporting evidence for the Kawasaki strains identified in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Shim and others 23 surveyed the genotypes isolated from wild rodents (60 isolates) and mite pools (129 isolates) in central and southern South Korea from 2005 to 2007 using the PCR-restriction fragment-length polymorphism method and sequence analysis of the 56-kDa antigen gene. 23 Boryong was the most common strain, with rates of 76.7% in rodents and 82.9% in mites. The other identified stains were Gilliam (10%), Pajoo (8.3%), and Karp (5%) in rodents and Karp (11.6%), Pajoo (3.1%), Yoncheon (1.6%), and Kawasaki (0.8%) in mites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antigenic Drift of Orientia tsutsugamushi in South Korea as Identified by the Sequence Analysis of a 56-kDa Protein-Encoding Gene

Park¹,

Lee²,

Kwak³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This study was performed to determine the nationwide antigenic diversity of Orientia tsutsugamushi in South Korea. Sequence analysis was performed around variable domains I and II of a 56-kDa protein-encoding gene. We used eschar to overcome the disadvantages of conventional serotyping. The serological passive hemagglutination assay (PHA) was assessed based on the genotyping results. We analyzed 153 isolates from scrub typhus patients in major endemic areas and found that Boryong was the major strain (68.6%). New strains were also identified: Taguchi (19.6%), Kanda/Kawasaki (9.2%), and UAP7 (1.3%). PHA yielded significantly fewer positive results among Kawasaki strains ( P < 0.001), which are not included in the PHA antigen panel. In South Korea, Boryong was still the predominant strain, but the sequence analysis identified new changes in minor strains (30.1%). This antigenic drift had a negative effect on the PHA results. Periodic surveillance of the contemporary strains using sequence analysis is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Drift of Orientia tsutsugamushi in South Korea as Identified by the Sequence Analysis of a 56-kDa Protein-Encoding Gene

Park¹,

Lee²,

Kwak³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Incorporating the antigens present in the prevalent genotypes of O. tsutsugamushi into geographically-specific diagnostic tests would improve the sensitivity of the serologic diagnosis. The antigenic diversity of O. tsutsugamushi in Korea has been reported in previous studies, and the Boryong serotype consistently predominates (9, 12, 17, 18). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Phylogenetic Analysis of the 56-kDa Type-Specific Protein Genes ofOrientia tsutsugamushiin Central Korea

et al. 2012

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There are several antigenic variants of Orientia tsutsugamushi. The 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) is responsible for the antigenic variation. Nucleotide sequences of the 56-kDa TSA obtained from 44 eschar samples of Korean scrub typhus patients and from 40 representative strains retrieved from the GenBank database were analyzed phylogenetically. Clinical patient data were assessed based on the genotyping results. Of the 44 nucleotide sequences, 32 (72.7%) clustered with the Boryong genotype, which is the major genotype in Korea. Eleven nucleotide sequences (25%) clustered with the Kawasaki genotype, not identified in Korea until 2010. One nucleotide sequence was consistent with the Karp genotype. The clinical course of the patients infected with each genotype showed no differences. Diagnostic performance of the immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using the 56-kDa TSA from Gilliam, Karp and Boryong as test antigens were not different for the Boryong and Kawasaki genotypes. Although Boryong is still the predominant genotype, the results suggest that Kawasaki genotype is quite prevalent in Chungbuk province of Korea.

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“…To illustrate this we collected spleen samples from wild rodents to evaluate the prevalence of O. tsutsugamushi . The average occurrence of O. tsutsugamushi among these rodents was 13.4%, which was much higher than the result reported in Korea (4.5–12.4%) [ 25 ]. More specifically, R. losea and R. norvegicus tested positive 15.7% and 20% of the time, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In mainland China, the summer scrub typhus was predominantly caused by the Gilliam type, whereas the autumn scrub typhus was typically caused by the Kawasaki type [ 18 ]. Since O. tsutsugamushi has been reported to have a variety of serotypes in the same epidemic area [ 12 , 19 ], we infer that the two peaks could potentially be caused by different dominant genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrub Typhus, a Disease with Increasing Threat in Guangdong, China

Wu¹,

Jing²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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There has been a rapid increase in the number of scrub typhus cases in Guangdong Province, China. For this reason, an epidemiologic study was conducted to understand the characteristics of scrub typhus epidemics in Guangdong. From 2006 to 2013, the incidence of human cases increased from 0.4321 to 3.5917 per 100,000 with a bimodal peak in human cases typically occurring between May and November. To detect the prevalence of Orientia tsutsugamushi among suspected human cases and rodents, we performed ELISA tests of IgM/IgG and nested PCR tests on 59 whole blood samples from the suspected cases and 112 spleen samples from the rodents. Suspected cases tested positive for anti-O. tsutsugamushi IgM and IgG 66.1% (39/59) and 50.8% (30/59) of the time, respectively. Additionally, 20.3% (12/59) of blood samples and 13.4% (15/112) of spleen samples were positive for PCR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that there were four definable clusters among the 27 nucleotide sequences of the 56-kDa antigen genes: 44.4% Karp (12/27), 25.9% Kato (7/27), 22.2% Gilliam (6/27) and 7.4% TA763 (2/27). We concluded many suspected cases may result in diagnostic errors; therefore, it is necessary to perform laboratory tests on suspected cases in hospitals. The high infection rate of O. tsutsugamushi among the limited rodents tested suggested that further rodent sampling throughout the province is necessary to further define high-risk areas. Furthermore, the multiple co-circulating genotypes of O. tsutsugamushi play a key role in the pervasiveness of scrub typhus in the Guangdong area.

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Characterisation of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotypes from wild rodents and chigger mites in Korea

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Antigenic Drift of Orientia tsutsugamushi in South Korea as Identified by the Sequence Analysis of a 56-kDa Protein-Encoding Gene

Antigenic Drift of Orientia tsutsugamushi in South Korea as Identified by the Sequence Analysis of a 56-kDa Protein-Encoding Gene

Phylogenetic Analysis of the 56-kDa Type-Specific Protein Genes ofOrientia tsutsugamushiin Central Korea

Scrub Typhus, a Disease with Increasing Threat in Guangdong, China

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