Characterisation of the complete mitochondrial genome of Lucanus chengyuani (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

Abstract

We sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genome of Lucanus chengyuani, from the Alishan, Chiayi County, Taiwan. The length of the complete mitogenome of L. chengyuani is 16,926 bp and the mitogenome contains 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and 2 rDNA genes. Nucleotide compositions of the whole mitogenome of L. chengyuani are 38.37% for A, 27.96% for T, 23.03% for C, and 10.637% for G. The AT and GC skewness of mitogenome sequence are 0.157 and-0.368, showing the Askew and C-skew. The reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of 9 Lucanidae species based on 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes are highly supported. The clade including Neolucanus maximus and Odontolabis cuvera is sister to the rest of the stag beetle clades, which contains L. chengyuani and L. mazama. Mitogenomic data from this study will provide useful information for further studies for the population genetics, speciation, biogeography, and conservation of L. chengyuani in the future.

Phylogenetic Implication of Large Intergenic Spacers: Insights from a Mitogenomic Comparison of Prosopocoilus Stag Beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

“…Additionally, in these five species of Prosopocoilus, we also detected an intergenic spacer of 18 bp between trnS2 (UCN) and nad1 with the conserved motif (TACTAAA), similar to other reported lucanid beetles [4,20,[50][51][52][53][54]. The IGS between trnS2 (UCN) and nad1 is common in Coleoptera mitogenomes, but varies in length [4,20,23,[50][51][52][53][54]. The characteristics of the large IGS between trnI and trnQ are only present in the representatives of this genus among the family Lucanidae; therefore, we propose that this feature may be synapomorphic for the members of the genus Prosopocoilus.…”

“…In these five Prosopocoilus mitogenomes, the short sequence (TAAAA) appeared four times (P. castaneus and P. laterotarsus), five times (P. blanchardi), and three times (P. confucius and P. astacoides), and the length of the intergenic region between the repetitive sequence (TAAAA) differed among these five species (Figure 4). Additionally, in these five species of Prosopocoilus, we also detected an intergenic spacer of 18 bp between trnS2 (UCN) and nad1 with the conserved motif (TACTAAA), similar to other reported lucanid beetles [4,20,[50][51][52][53][54]. The IGS between trnS2 (UCN) and nad1 is common in Coleoptera mitogenomes, but varies in length [4,20,23,[50][51][52][53][54].…”

“…In the P. castaneus and P. laterotarsus mitogenomes, six PCGs shared the typical stop codons TAA and TAG, whereas in the remaining genes, an incomplete stop codon consisting of T or TA was inferred (Table 3). All of the new mitogenomes had incomplete stop codons, as described in other stag beetles [4,23,51] and other insects [58,59], which have been demonstrated to produce functional stop codons in polycistronic transcription cleavage and polyadenylation processes [8,13,14]. Comparisons of five mitogenomes of Prosopocoilus stag beetles showed that the cox1 genes of P. castaneus, P. laterotarsus, P. blanchardi, P. astacoides, and P. confucius shared the same incomplete stop codon (T).…”

“…The lengths of the tRNA genes ranged from 60 to 70 bp (Table 3). All tRNA genes displayed the representative clover-leaf secondary structure (Figures S1 and S2), whereas trnS1 (AGN) lacked the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm, and it was replaced with a simple loop, which was common in other lucanid mitogenomes [4,23,[50][51][52][53][54]. There is a similar nucleotide proportion among the two newly sequenced mitogenomes, with a high content of AT (Table 4).…”

The first mitogenomic phylogenetic framework of Dorcus sensu lato (Coleoptera: Lucanidae), with an emphasis on generic taxonomy in Eastern Asia

“…The evolutionary rates of PCGs in the mitochondrial genome of Dorcus showed that their evolution is based upon purifying selection [ 31 , 33 , 40 , 50 ]. Additionally, IGS studies have helped to resolve phylogenetic uncertainties, clarify evolutionary lineages, and provide insights into the diversification and biogeography of Lucanidae [ 27 , 36 , 40 ]. The previously reported Dorcus velutinus complex also has large IGSs and a short sequence (TACTAAATT), which could provide a unique phylogenetic signal in the genus Dorcus [ 31 , 40 ].…”