Characteristics and applications of size-segregated biomass burning tracers in China's Pearl River Delta region

Zhang, Zhisheng; Gao, Jian; Engling, Guenter; Tao, Jun; Chai, Fahe; Zhang, Leiming; Zhang, Renjian; Sang, Xue-Fang; Chan, Chia-Tai; Lin, Zhiyuan; Cao, Junji

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.009

Cited by 72 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The BB tracer size distributions are characterized by a unimodal pattern peaking in the particle size range of 0.4-1.0 µm (Zhang et al, 2015). For ambient aerosol during the BB period we found that the levoglucosan and K + ion concentrations in PM 1 correlated well with each other (R 2 = 0.91) and with PM 2.5 mass evolution (Fig.…”

Section: Pm Evolution and Aerosol Composition During Bb Periodsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Submicron carbonaceous aerosols are of particular concern in respect to environmental change and public health, because they mainly originate from anthropogenic and wildfire sources, and may interact effectively with sunlight (Andrews et al, 2000;Lim et al, 2012). Size-resolved BB chemical composition analysis has demonstrated that the molecular tracers peak in the fine mode of ambient aerosols (Chen et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015). Measurements of PM emissions from ten biomass fires showed that potassium ions, chlorides, and sulfates are the dominant inorganic species in the fine mode, while calcium ions are an important component in coarse particles (Park et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Smoke Intensity on Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Microstructure during the Biomass Burning Season in Northwest Vietnam

Popovicheva

Engling

Diapouli

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Aerosol particles significantly impact the regional environment, including climate change, specifically in periods of extensive biomass burning. The major agricultural and domestic combustion emission sources were assessed in nearsource and ambient monitoring campaigns in northwestern Vietnam during the dry season. The composition and microstructure of on-field burning and cooking emissions were analyzed with a variety of techniques. A wide range of observed PM 2.5 mass concentrations was categorized according to the smoke level, supported by the evolution of carbon fractions (OC and EC) as well as ionic species and molecular tracers (K + , levoglucosan, and mannosan). The OC/EC and individual organic compound ratios on days with high smoke levels indicate smoldering combustion of softwood and other local biomass species, impacting aerosol composition at the regional level. Acid and non-acid carbonyls, carboxylates, and aliphatic carbon functionalities in the PM 2.5 size fraction evolved with increasing smoke intensity, together with carbonates in coarse (PM 1-2.5 and PM 2.5-10 ) size fractions, indicating a large impact of smoke emissions and soil lifted up by the intense fires. Biomass burning influence increased the abundance of soot and organic particles in the submicron fraction from 12% at low to 59% and 68% at moderate and high smoke levels, respectively. Smoke micromarkers of local biomass burning source emissions determined the microstructure of ambient aerosols representative for northern Southeast Asia.

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Section: Pm Evolution and Aerosol Composition During Bb Periodsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Smoke Intensity on Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Microstructure during the Biomass Burning Season in Northwest Vietnam

Popovicheva

Engling

Diapouli

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…5b), appear to be evidence for enhanced loss of LG through photo-oxidation along the atmospheric transport of air masses and/or different biomass burning in summer sampling periods (Simoneit, 2002;Wang et al, 2007;Duvall et al, 2008;Hennigan et al, 2010;Cheng et al, 2013). Similar seasonal trends of LG/nss-K ' ratio have also been reported in Beijing (Cheng et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014), Guangzhou (Zhang et al, 2015), and southeastern US and variable emission sources and combustion conditions were suggested to be the main cause. Cheng et al (2013) Table 2).…”

Section: Source Apportionment Analysissupporting

confidence: 57%

“…LG was observed in this study, further indicating that the influences of biomass burning emissions on WSOC are not very important in Fujian, even in winter and spring due to the relatively low concentrations of LG compared to those measured in Beijing (Cheng et al, 2013;Du et al, 2014b;Wang et al, 2014), Guangzhou (Ho et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015) and Chiang Mai (Tsai et al, 2013). It is noteworthy that the correlations between WSOC and nss-SO 4 2 ( or NO 3 ( were relatively low in summer sampling seasons with respect to other seasons (Table 1).…”

Section: Relationship Between Lg and Carbon Speciesmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Fire counts detected by NASA satellites (Aqua and Terra) have been widely used to identify the geographical hot spots of biomass burning activities with a horizontal resolution of 1 )1 km 2 pixel resolution (Sang et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2010Zhang et al, , 2012Zhang et al, , 2015Liu et al, 2013;Ho et al, 2014). In this study, burning activities in Fujian were shown by fire spots, and the sum of fire counts were obtained from FIRMS Web Fire Mapper (https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/ firemap/) operated by NASA of the United States for each sampling period ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Modis Fire Counts and Hysplit Backward Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass burning contributions to urban PM<sub>2.5</sub> along the coastal lines of southeastern China

Wu¹,

Zhang²,

Schwab³

et al. 2016

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C T Levoglucosan (LG), water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and potassium (K '), and the light absorption at 365 nm (Abs 365 ) of the extracted WSOC are measured in PM 2.5 samples collected from November 2011 to July 2013 at four coastal urban sites in southeast China (Fuzhou, Putian, Quanzhou and Xiamen). These species are markers of biomass burning and used to determine the contributions of biomass burning to the PM 2.5 burden in these locations. LG and WSOC concentrations exhibited a clear seasonal pattern, with a large enhancement in winter and spring and a minimum in summer, and annual means across all sites of 59.2946.8 ng m (3 and 2.6991.21 mg C m (3 , respectively. The distinctive seasonal patterns of LG and WSOC are more explained by the East Asian monsoon than the upwind varying emission sources according to the HYSPLIT backward trajectories and MODIS fire spots. Observations produced significant correlation (at the p B0.01 level) between LG and non-sea salt K ' (nss-K ' ) at each site, but the correlations exhibited no clear seasonal trend. The LG/nss-K ' ratios ranged from 0.0390.01 to 0.2490.13 which lay within the limits for the crop residues and/or grass combustion smoke. Stronger correlations were found between WSOC or Abs 365 and sulphate than between WSOC and LG. This observation is consistent with the fact that biomass burning is a less important contributor to WSOC and/or brown carbon than is secondary organic aerosol formation and oxidation. The average relative contributions of biomass burning to OC and WSOC in PM 2.5 were 8.3 and 15.2 %, respectively, estimated by the measured LG to OC and WSOC (LG/OC and LG/WSOC) ratios in comparison to literature-derived LG/OC and LG/WSOC values for biomass burning smoke. Using the reported conversion factor of LG to PM 2.5 for crop straw burning smoke, the LG-estimated PM 2.5 contributions from biomass burning exhibited minimum values in summer and higher values in winter and spring. Positive Matrix Factorisation was used to analyse PM 2.5 sources, and seven major source factors including biomass burning emissions were resolved. The biomass burning sources contributed 3.75Á8.08 % to PM 2.5 mass as an annual average while exhibiting a seasonal variability similar to and higher than those of LG-estimated contributions. These results demonstrate that the contribution from biomass burning smoke to PM 2.5 Á while small Á is non-negligible, especially in the winter and spring sampling periods, that is, northeastern monsoon season.

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A fast, single column high‐performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection method for the determination of saccharides in atmospheric aerosol samples

Patil

Rohrer

2022

J of Separation Science

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Saccharides, especially anhydro sugars present in atmospheric aerosols, can be used as tracers to track sources of atmospheric aerosols. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection is a commonly used technique for determining these saccharides, but the reported methods suffer from three drawbacks. First, to achieve separation of the complete set of atmospheric saccharides, run times are very long, typically longer than 60 minutes. Second, some methods require two columns to achieve the desired separation. Finally, in an era when electrolytic eluent preparation allows for excellent precision and accuracy, these methods require manually prepared eluents, which can lead to separation inconsistency for closely eluting analytes. These drawbacks make existing methods difficult to automate. To address this issue, we developed a fast method that uses only a single column for separation and electrolytically generated eluent that resolves 12 key atmospheric aerosol saccharides in 20 minutes. The resolved saccharides include anhydro sugars (levoglucosan, galactosan, and mannosan), sugar alcohols (erythritol, xylitol, and mannitol), and mono-/disaccharides (arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, fructose, and sucrose). To our knowledge, this report is the first instance of achieving such a significant reduction in run time with good resolution for this set of saccharides.

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Characteristics and applications of size-segregated biomass burning tracers in China's Pearl River Delta region

Cited by 72 publications

References 47 publications

Impact of Smoke Intensity on Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Microstructure during the Biomass Burning Season in Northwest Vietnam

Impact of Smoke Intensity on Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Microstructure during the Biomass Burning Season in Northwest Vietnam

Biomass burning contributions to urban PM<sub>2.5</sub> along the coastal lines of southeastern China

A fast, single column high‐performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection method for the determination of saccharides in atmospheric aerosol samples

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