Characteristics and dynamic analysis of the February 2021 long-runout disaster chain triggered by massive rock and ice avalanche at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya

Zhang, Tiantian; Yin, Yueping; Liu, Xiaojie; Wang, Meng; Gao, Yang; Wan, Jiawei; Gnyawali, Kaushal Raj

doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.04.003

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The chain theory of catastrophe is a new subject system with a chain effect, which is abstracted from the generality of disasters. The theory posits that material, energy, and information constitute the carriers of disaster, and the model and mechanism of disaster reduction in each stage are studied by analyzing the chain evolution law of the carrier [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Overview Of the Chain Theory Of Catastrophementioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Niu

Hou

Sun

2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The occurrence of downhole debris flows in caving mines has burst, concealment, and destruction characteristics. This study aimed to investigate accurate prevention and control measures for downhole debris flows. The research background was a downhole debris flow in the Plan copper mine. The disaster chain theory was applied to study prevention and control methods for downhole debris flows. Using a model of source generation, chain breaking, and disaster reduction, we proposed accurate prevention and control measures for downhole debris flow disasters, which prevent and control the downhole debris flows at the source. The results showed that the disaster chain type of downhole debris flow disasters is the compound periodic cycle chain, which has the characteristics of the branch basin chain and the periodic cycle chain. Based on the chain-effect nature of disasters caused by downhole debris flows, active and passive prevention and control methods for downhole debris flow disasters were proposed. The active prevention and control measures for chain breaking and disaster reduction involve isolating the generation conditions from the source, inducing a downhole debris flow disaster. This prevention and control method is difficult to implement during the actual production process. The idea of disaster reduction through passive defensive chain breaking is based on the fact that if the three essential types of conditions for the downhole debris flow formation are not present at the same time, then a disaster accident of a downhole debris flow can be effectively prevented and controlled. Accordingly, the following measures are proposed for preventing and controlling downhole debris flows: (1) reinforcement measures applied to the slope body of the landslide material source in the collapse pit; (2) adopting comprehensive flood control measures such as locking, intercepting, dispersing, draining, and blocking under hydraulic conditions; (3) blocking the formation of the channel by adjusting the ore drawing conditions; (4) addressing the inducing factors by blasting with a small amount of explosive. According to the disaster chain theory, prevention, and control methods for downhole debris flow in caving mines were investigated in this study, which not only broadens the research of the debris flows but also fills the gap in the systematic research on downhole debris flows.

show abstract

Section: Overview Of the Chain Theory Of Catastrophementioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Niu

Hou

Sun

2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Along the valley floor, within what Zhang et al. (2022) refer to as the dynamic entrainment zone, colluvium (likely saturated), fluvial sediments, and fresh snow would have added to the initial mass of the flow. At the confluence of the Ronti Gad and Rishiganga rivers, significant deposition of sediment formed a 46 m high dam, leading to formation of an 800 m long lake (Kropáček et al., 2021).…”

Section: Description Of Process Chainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphic Process Chains in High‐Mountain Regions—A Review and Classification Approach for Natural Hazards Assessment

Mani,

Allen,

Evans

et al. 2023

Reviews of Geophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Populations and infrastructure in high mountain regions are exposed to a wide range of natural hazards, the frequency, magnitude, and location of which are extremely sensitive to climate change. In cases where several hazards can occur simultaneously or where the occurrence of one event will change the disposition of another, assessments need to account for complex process chains. While process chains are widely recognized as a major threat, no systematic analysis has hitherto been undertaken. We therefore establish new understanding on the factors that directly trigger or alter the disposition for subsequent events in the chain and derive a novel classification scheme and parameters to aid natural hazard assessment. Process chains in high mountains are commonly associated with glacier retreat or permafrost degradation. Regional differences exist in the nature and rate of sequencing—some process chains are almost instantaneous, while other linkages are delayed. Process chains involving rapid sequences are difficult to predict, and impacts are often devastating. We demonstrate that process chains are triggered most frequently by progressive failures, being the result of gradual landscape weakening and not due to the occurrence of a distinct process. If fluvial processes are part of the process chain the reach (or mobility) of process chains is increased. Increased mobility can also occur if sediment deposition areas along river channels are activated. As climate changes causes glacial environments to transform into sediment‐rich paraglacial and fluvial landscapes, it is expected that the mobility of process chains will increase in the future.

show abstract

“…Additionally, N 0 is the yield stress of the material, and the formula ensures that when the normal stress N and vector velocity U tend to 0, the frictional resistance S also tends to 0 [33].…”

Section: Prediction and Analysis Of Landside Dam Hazard Of The Zhuang...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Development Characteristics and Landslide Dam Hazard Prediction of Zhuangfang Landslide in the Upper Reaches of the Nu River

Di,

Wei,

Tan

et al. 2023

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The upper reaches of the Nu River have strong tectonic activities and broken rock mass structures, often causing landslide disasters. The Zhuangfang landslide has apparent signs of surface deformation, and there is a risk of further sliding and blocking of the river. Taking the Zhuangfang landslide as an example, this paper analyzes the development characteristics and stability through geological field surveys, a drone aerial survey, field drilling, and GEO5 geotechnical engineering software. Then through the indoor tests and RAMMS numerical simulation software, the parameters of the landslide are determined, and the risk of a landslide dam is analyzed. Our results demonstrated that the Zhuangfang landslide is a large-scale landslide with a volume of about 4.5 × 106 m3. The front edge of the landslide is seriously deformed and is in an under-stable state, with risks of sliding and river blockage. The numerical simulation results showed that the total movement time of the landslide was 130 s, and the landslide entered the Nu River at 55 s. However, the landslide does not completely block the river and cannot form a landslide dam. The study proposed a parameter inversion method to determine the landslide mass parameters based on RAMMS numerical simulation software. The related results of this study can provide a reference for the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the Nu River Basin.

show abstract

Characteristics and dynamic analysis of the February 2021 long-runout disaster chain triggered by massive rock and ice avalanche at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Geomorphic Process Chains in High‐Mountain Regions—A Review and Classification Approach for Natural Hazards Assessment

Research on Development Characteristics and Landslide Dam Hazard Prediction of Zhuangfang Landslide in the Upper Reaches of the Nu River

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About