Characteristics and Evolution of the Central Mobile Belt, Canadian Appalachians

Pluijm, Ben A. van der; Staal, Cees R. van

doi:10.1086/629250

Cited by 40 publications

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“…As Fyffe (1977) and van der Pluijm and van Staal (1988) pointed out, some difficulties were encountered in applying this early lithotectonic zonation as defined in Newfoundland to the mainland of Atlantic Canada (for example, see . However, the recognition that the Early Ordovician Penobscot orogeny, first defined in Maine (Neuman 1967), had affected other parts of the Gander Zone led to a more realistic model for the Early Paleozoic plate tectonic evolution of the northeastern Appalachians (Colman-Sadd et al 1992; van Staal 1994;van Staal et al 1996van Staal et al , 1998van Staal et al , 2003van Staal et al , 2009Hibbard et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic Lithotectonic Terranes in New Brunswick, Canada and their Tectonic Evolution during Penobscot, Taconic, Salinic and Acadian Orogenesis

Fyffe

Johnson²,

Staal

2012

atgeol

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Geological relationships preserved in the New Brunswick segment of the Appalachian orogen are key to deciphering the complex tectonic events that occurred during the closing of the Paleozoic Iapetus Ocean. These events can be explained in terms of geodynamic interactions between eight lithotectonic terranes. The first, the Caledonia terrane, comprises Neoproterozoic volcanic arc sequences and comagmatic plutons considered to form part of the microcontinent of Avalonia. The seven other terranes are associated with the microcontinent of Ganderia and consist of (1) Brookville terrane-Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic platformal carbonates and Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian plutonic rocks, (2) New River terrane-Neoproterozoic volcanic arc sequences and comagmatic plutons overlain by a Cambrian Penobscot volcanic arc sequence, In New Brunswick, closure of the Iapetus Ocean is attributed to four major tectonic episodes: (1) the Penobscot orogeny, which accreted the Miramichi, Annidale, and St. Croix terranes to the New River terrane on the trailing edge of Ganderia by closing a Penobscot backarc basin in the Early Ordovician, (2) the Taconic orogeny, which accreted the Popelogan terrane on the leading edge of Ganderia to the Laurentian margin in the Late Ordovician and effectively closed the main tract of the Iapetus Ocean, (3) the Salinic orogeny, which accreted the Elmtree and Miramichi terranes to the Laurentian margin by closing the Tetagouche backarc basin in the Silurian, and (4) the Acadian orogeny, which accreted the Caledonia terrane (Avalonia) to the Brookville and New River terranes on the trailing edge of Ganderia in the latest Silurian to earliest Devonian and in the process closed the last remaining oceanic tract in the northeastern Appalachians. RÉSUMÉLes corrélations géologiques préservées dans la partie du Nouveau-Brunswick de l'orogène des Appalaches sont essentielles pour bien comprendre le déroulement des événements tectoniques complexes survenus au moment de la fermeture de l'océan Iapetus, pendant le Paléozoïque. Il est possible d'expliquer ces événements par des interactions géodynamiques entre huit terranes lithotectoniques. Le premier, soit le terrane calédonien, comprend des séquences d'arc volcanique et des plutons comagmatiques du Néoprotérozoïque dont on estime qu'ils faisaient partie du microcontinent Avalonia. Les sept autres terranes sont associés au microcontinent Ganderia et comprenaient les terranes que voici : (1)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic Lithotectonic Terranes in New Brunswick, Canada and their Tectonic Evolution during Penobscot, Taconic, Salinic and Acadian Orogenesis

Fyffe

Johnson²,

Staal

2012

atgeol

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“…Although a late Precambrian timing for Iapetus opening is generally accepted, interpretations differ as to whether Iapetus closure was complete by the Middle Ordovician (Williams 1979) or subduction and collisional activity continued into the Silurian or even the Devonian (e.g., Hatch 1982;Arnott et al 1985;van Staal 1987;van der Pluijm and van Staal 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Topsails igneous suite, western Newfoundland: an Early Silurian subduction-related magmatic suite?

Whalen¹

1989

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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The Topsails igneous suite contains several Late Ordovician to Early Silurian volcanic and intrusive sequences, which overlie and intrude Early to Middle Ordovician oceanic and arc rocks. The oldest components of this suite may represent calcalkaline, continental-arc magmatism. The younger components are bimodal, with felsic compositions vastly predominating, and include a major ( > 2200 km2) alkaline (A-type) granite complex. These felsic components have similarities to peralkaline suites formed in unusual subduction-related settings. Younger mafic components resemble within-plate basalts emplaced in a continental setting.Silurian magmatic activity in the Canadian Appalachians is widespread, includes diverse magmatic types, and has contrasting metamorphic and tectonic overprinting, even in contiguous areas. These features and the probability of major postSilurian displacements in the orogen render correlation and interpretation difficult. Tectonic models that consider basin closure and major plate movements to be complete by Middle Ordovician time fail to adequately explain the Silurian activity. Available data best fit a model that relates Late Ordovician to Silurian magmatic activity to the opening and closing of small, discontinuous basins, portions of which may have been floored by oceanic crust. L'ensemble de roches ignkes de Topsails inclut plusieurs skquences volcaniques et intrusives d'lge ordovicien tardif B silurien moyen; elles recouvrent et recoupent des roches octaniques et d'arcs d'lge ordovicien moyen 2 pkcoce. Les roches les plus anciennes dans cet ensemble correspondent probablement 2 une activitk magmatique calco-alcaline de type arc continental. Les roches les plus jeunes sont bimodales, caract6risCes par des compositions felsitiques largement dominantes, et incluent un important (> 2200 km2) complexe granitique alcalin (type-A). Ces roches felsitiques montrent des similitudes avec les stquences peralcalines qui ont kt6 formkes dans des contextes, plut6t inhabituels, associks B une subduction. Les roches mafiques les plus jeunes ressemblent 2 des basaltes intra-plaques mis en place en milieu continental.L'activitt magmatique silurienne dans les Appalaches canadiennes est largement kpandue; elle inclut divers types magmatiques marquks par des contrastes nets de surimpression mttamorphique et tectonique, m2me dans les kgions contiguks. Ces particularitks et la probabilitk de dkplacements majeurs postsiluriens durant l'orogenkse rendent difficiles les corrklations et l'interpktation. Les modkles tectoniques qui considkrent une fermeture de bassin et des mouvements de plaques importants complktks 2 l'ordovicien moyen ne peuvent expliquer adkquatement l'activitk magmatique silurienne. Les enseignements disponibles sont en accord avec un modkle qui relie l'activitk magmatique, de l'ordovicien tardif au Silurien, B l'ouverture et B la fermeture de petits bassins, discontinus, dont certaines portions auraient pu Etre formkes d'un plancher ce croiite ockanique.[Traduit par la revue]Can.

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“…Middle Ordovician-Early Silurian thrusting in the Exploits Subzone formed a southeastwardvergent (present coordinates) fold-thrust belt (Amott et al, 1985;Kusky, 1985;Kusky et al, 1987;Pickering, 1987;van der Pluijm, 1986van der Pluijm, , 1987van der Pluijm and van Staal, 1988;Coleman-Sadd et al, 1992;Dunning et al, 1990;Swinden, 1990). The convergence was initially accommodated along a series of thrusts in the Exploits Subzone, including the Toogood Fault, Cobbs Arm Fault, the Dildo Fault, and the Fog Fault (Fig.…”

Section: Signiftcance Of Regional Southeast Directed Thrustingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…(1979), Colman-Sadd (1980), Thurlow (1981), Colman-Sadd and Swinden (1984), van der Pluijm, (1984van der Pluijm, ( , 1986van der Pluijm, ( ,1987. van der Pluijm and van Staal(1988) Kusky (1985) Kusky and Kidd (1985), Elliott (1985a); and Elliott and Williams (1988). Most workers have reported south-or southeast-directed thrusting l \ .…”

Section: Regional Extent and Timing Of Southeastward Directed Thrustingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Tectonic implications of early silurian thrust imbrication of the northern exploits subzone, Central Newfoundland

Kusky

Kidd

1996

Journal of Geodynamics

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Characteristics and Evolution of the Central Mobile Belt, Canadian Appalachians

Cited by 40 publications

References 72 publications

A Review of Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic Lithotectonic Terranes in New Brunswick, Canada and their Tectonic Evolution during Penobscot, Taconic, Salinic and Acadian Orogenesis

A Review of Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic Lithotectonic Terranes in New Brunswick, Canada and their Tectonic Evolution during Penobscot, Taconic, Salinic and Acadian Orogenesis

The Topsails igneous suite, western Newfoundland: an Early Silurian subduction-related magmatic suite?

Tectonic implications of early silurian thrust imbrication of the northern exploits subzone, Central Newfoundland

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