Characteristics and Hepatoprotective Activity of the Curcuma heyneana Rhizome Extract toward Wistar Rats Induced by Ethanol

Abstract

Background: Curcuma heyneana (Valeton & Zijp.) or temu giring has various pharmacological activities. However, its hepatoprotective activity toward ethanol induction has never been carried out. Objectives: The objective of this research was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the C. heyneana rhizome extract toward Wistar rats induced by ethanol. Methods: The research was initiated with the determination of curcuminoid content, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and characterization of extract using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Hepatoprotective activity was tested using the C. heyneana extract at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg with 5 g/kg ethanol as an inducer. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), liver weight, and macroscopic and microscopic liver were used as parameters. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The curcuminoid content of the extract was 1.18% (w/w). Total phenolic content of the C. heyneana extract was 400.37 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample, while total flavonoid content was 27.25 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g sample. Nine compounds were identified in the extract. Administration of the extract at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg kept the liver normal. It was identified macroscopically from the dark red color without any white spot and normal liver weight. Furthermore, at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg, the extract inhibited AST and ALT elevation, which was significantly different from the negative control group (P < 0.05). The extract also prevented hepatocyte injury that was seen microscopically. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the C. heyneana extract at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg is effective as hepatoprotective in the liver injury induced by ethanol.

Effectivity of Silver Nanoparticles-Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana) Rhizome on Inhibiting the Growth of Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infection

“…Temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) is one of the native plants of Indonesia (Sugita et al 2018) which contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds in its rhizome (Marianne et al 2021). Previous studies have documented the ability of these secondary metabolites to convert silver ions into elemental silver (Dauthal and Mukhopadhyay 2016).…”

“…These plants turned out to have potential as herbal plants that can be used to overcome health problems. Temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) is one of the native plants of Indonesia (Sugita et al 2018) which contains good phenolic and flavonoid compounds in its rhizome (Marianne et al 2021). However, no one has used this plant for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, so this research aims to do so.…”

Anti-Aging Potential of Plants of the Anak Dalam Tribe, Jambi, Indonesia

“…Natural antioxidants work systemically and possess the ability to prevent aging in cells and tissues [ 14 ]. Examples of plants that meet these criteria include those from the Zingiberaceae family, such as C. heyneana and C. longa , which demonstrate antioxidant and anti-aging activities [ 68 , 69 ]. It can be seen that many SAD people use turmeric as a body scrub which is applied to the body at traditional wedding events for women, so that it can be developed into a new anti-aging potential from the curcumin compound contained in C. longa .…”

“…Based on the research conducted by Marianne et al (2021) and Zeeshan et al (2018), it has been found that the plant C. heyneana contains phytochemical compounds such as curcumin and demethoxycurcumin, which act as antioxidants [ 68 , 69 ]. In a study by Rohman et al (2020), the antioxidant activity of curcumin extracted from C. heyneana was evaluated using the DPPH method, and it exhibited a strong antioxidant capacity with an IC 50 value of 62.5 µg/mL [ 70 ].…”

“…The main components of the plant include starch, curcumin, essential oil, and gum Arabic. The rhizome of the plant has been found to contain more than 10 sesquiterpenes, including curcumin, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, β-turmerone, β-eudesmol, zingiberene, dihydrocurcumin, furanodiene, α-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole, β-elemene, and germacrone [ 67 , 68 , 98 , 99 ].…”