Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in New York City’s Public Hospital System

Marcello, Roopa Kalyanaraman; Dolle, Johanna; Grami, Shelia; Adule, Richard; Li, Zeyu; Tatem, Kathleen; Anyaogu, Chinyere; Ayinla, Raji; Boma, Noella; Brady, Terence; Cosme-Thormann, Braulio F; Ford, Kenra; Gaither, Kecia; Kanter, Marc; Kessler, Stuart; Kristal, Ross; Lieber, Joseph; Mukherjee, Vikramjit; Rizzo, Vincent; Rowell, Madden; Stevens, David; Sydney, Elana; Wallach, Andrew; Chokshi, Dave A.; Davis, Nichola

doi:10.1101/2020.05.29.20086645

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Significant racial disparities among populations affected by COVID-19 have recently made headlines. Some sources have also cited SARS-CoV-2 as a possible cause of stroke [1]. Nationally, Hispanics and Blacks are disproportionately represented among laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Disparity Amongst Stroke Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Ghanchi¹,

Patchana²,

Wiginton³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had deleterious effects on our healthcare system. Lockdown measures have decreased the number of patients presenting to the hospital for non-respiratory illnesses, such as strokes. Moreover, there appears to be a racial disparity among those afflicted with the virus. We sought to assess whether this disparity also existed for patients presenting with strokes. Methods The Get with the Guidelines National Stroke Database was reviewed to assess patients presenting with a final diagnosis of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), or spontaneous/nontraumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH). The period of February-May 2020 was chosen given the surge of patients affected with the virus and national shutdowns. Data from this same time during 2019 was used as the control population. Our hospital numbers and four additional regions were assessed (California hospitals, Pacific State hospitals, Western Region hospitals, and all hospitals in the United States). Patients were categorized by race (White, Black/African American, Asian, Native American, Hispanic) in each cohort. The primary endpoint of this study is to compare whether there was a significant difference in the proportion of patients in each reported racial category presenting with stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results A downward trend in total number of patients was noted in all five regional cohorts assessed. A statistically significant increase in the number of Black and Hispanic patients presenting with strokes was noted in California, Pacific hospitals, Western hospitals, and all hospitals in the United States during various months studied comparing 2020 to 2019. A statistically significant increase in the Hispanic population was noted in February and March in all California hospitals (p=0.005 and 0.02, respectively) and Pacific Coast hospitals (p=0.005 and 0.039, respectively). The Western region and all national hospitals noted a significant increase in strokes in the Hispanic population in April (p=0.039 and 0.023, respectively). A statistically significant increase of strokes in the Black population was noted in April in Pacific hospitals,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Disparity Amongst Stroke Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Ghanchi¹,

Patchana²,

Wiginton³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…The prevalence of COPD among patients with COVID-19 was summarised in a systematic review of 15 studies that had been published by 24th March 2020 involving 2473 patients with confirmed COVID-19, mainly from China; a prevalence of 2% (95% CI 1-3%) was reported (figure 3) [98]. A similar prevalence (3%), was found in a more recent report assessing 13 442 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 after an emergency department visit or admission in New York (NY, USA) [101] and a report of 1099 unselected patients from China (1%, 95% CI 0.6−1.9%) [100]. To explain the lower than anticipated observed prevalence of COPD among patients with COVID-19, it has been proposed that either the disease or its treatment may reduce the risk of infection [108].…”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes Of Covid-19 In Copd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Prevalence % (95% CI) ALQAHTANI [98] ARGENZIANO [99] GUAN [100] MARCELLO [101] Hospitalised patients ARGENZIANO [99] BARTOLETTI [102] DOCHERTY [103] MARCELLO [101] PARANJPE [104] RICHARDSON [105] Critically ill patients ARGENZIANO [99] CUMMINGS [ Consistently, the prevalence of COPD rises further among patients suffering from more critical or lethal COVID-19 disease. A series of 257 critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit with COVID-19 in New York revealed a much higher prevalence of COPD (9%) and current or former smokers (33%) [106].…”

Section: All Diagnosedmentioning

confidence: 97%

COVID-19 and COPD: a narrative review of the basic science and clinical outcomes

et al. 2020

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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical outcomes, including mortality, are worse in males, older individuals and patients with comorbidities. COPD patients are included in shielding strategies due to their susceptibility to virus-induced exacerbations, compromised pulmonary function and high prevalence of associated comorbidities. Using evidence from basic science and cohort studies, this review addresses key questions concerning COVID-19 and COPD. First, are there mechanisms by which COPD patients are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection? Secondly, do inhaled corticosteroids offer protection against COVID-19? And, thirdly, what is the evidence regarding clinical outcomes from COVID-19 in COPD patients? This up-to-date review tackles some of the key issues which have significant impact on the long-term outlook for COPD patients in the context of COVID-19.

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“…In initial reports, based primarily on Chinese studies, the median age of patients varied between 47 and 56 years and a majority were males (53·4–73%) [18,80]. Subsequently, studies from several countries have reported the mean age of COVID‐19 patients, varying from 39 years (Brazil) to 72 years (US) [77,81–84]. For most countries, the average age of patients was >60 years.…”

Section: Covid‐19: Disease Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2: implications for blood safety and sufficiency

et al. 2020

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Background and Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a novel coronavirus, first identified in China at the end of 2019 and has now caused a worldwide pandemic. In this review, we provide an overview of the implications of SARS‐CoV‐2 for blood safety and sufficiency. Material and Method We searched the PubMed database, the preprint sites bioRxiv and medRxiv, the websites of the World Health Organization, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the US Communicable Diseases Center and monitored ProMed updates. Results An estimated 15%–46% of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections are asymptomatic. The reported mean incubation period is 3 to 7 days with a range of 1–14 days. The blood phase of SARS‐CoV‐2 appears to be brief and low level, with RNAaemia detectable in only a small proportion of patients, typically associated with more severe disease and not demonstrated to be infectious virus. An asymptomatic blood phase has not been demonstrated. Given these characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the absence of reported transfusion transmission (TT), the TT risk is currently theoretical. To mitigate any potential TT risk, but more importantly to prevent respiratory transmission in donor centres, blood centres can implement donor deferral policies based on travel, disease status or potential risk of exposure. Conclusion The TT risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 appears to be low. The biggest risk to blood services in the current COVID‐19 pandemic is to maintain the sufficiency of the blood supply while minimizing respiratory transmission of SARS‐CoV‐19 to donors and staff while donating blood.

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Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in New York City’s Public Hospital System

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Racial Disparity Amongst Stroke Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Racial Disparity Amongst Stroke Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

COVID-19 and COPD: a narrative review of the basic science and clinical outcomes

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2: implications for blood safety and sufficiency

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