Characteristics and potential environmental influences of mine waste in the area of the closed Mežica Pb–Zn mine (Slovenia)

Miler, Miloš; Gosar, Mateja

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.08.012

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Due to the greater ionic radius of Mn 2+ (0.083 nm) and Fe 2+ (0.076 nm) in relation to Al 3+ (0.050 nm) and Si 4+ (0.041 nm) (Klein and Hurlbut, 1993), it is highly likely that isomorphic substitution of Pb 2+ (0.119 nm) occurs in Mn and Fe minerals. The affinity between Pb and Fe and Mn minerals has also been highlighted in other studies (Miler and Gosar, 2012;Courtin-Nomade et al, 2016). There was no correlation between Pb and S (Table 3).…”

Section: Areasupporting

confidence: 73%

Identification of Heavy Metals in Crystals of Sand and Silt Fractions of Soils by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM EDS/WD-EPMA)

Batista

Melo

Gilkes

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Studies of heavy metals are concentrate on clay fractions, but coarser fractions of the soil can constitute significant sources of structural forms of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of heavy metals in the structure of minerals of the sand and silt fractions of soils from three different parent materials (metamorphic rocks and granite) in southern Brazil using SEM/EDS -Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and with WD-EPMA -with Wavelength Dispersive-Electron Probe Microanalysis. We sampled soils from two areas naturally rich in heavy metals, with high mineral deposits (galena -PbS) hosted in carbonate rocks and phyllite/mica schist. The main form of Ba in the sand and silt fractions was as barite (BaSO 4 ). The precipitation of Ba and S from the soil solution occurred on the surface of silicate mineral particles. Due to the proximity of ionic radius of Ba-Pb, there was isomorphic substitution of Ba for Pb in the barite structure. The only primary mineral source of Pb in the coarse soil fractions was trioctahedral mica. Several secondary minerals in the silt and sand are sources of structural Pb: plumbogummite, plumboferrite, magnetoplumbite, and cerussite. There was a strong geochemical association of Pb-Fe-Mn. Zinc was also associated with Fe. The SEM/EDS/WD-EPMA techniques are important analyses to complement standard procedures, such as X-ray diffraction and total chemical digestion, in geochemical studies.

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Section: Areasupporting

confidence: 73%

Identification of Heavy Metals in Crystals of Sand and Silt Fractions of Soils by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM EDS/WD-EPMA)

Batista

Melo

Gilkes

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…The mean grain sizes of geogenic‐anthropogenic phases are about 12 µm in attic and 3 µm in household dust and standard deviations indicate they are poorly sorted, which is consistent with their formation and transport pathways, as they result either from weathering of primary Pb‐Zn ore minerals or dusting during mechanical processing and exploitation of mine‐waste material. Most geogenic‐anthropogenic phases in attic and household dust are morphologically and chemically similar to those in mine‐waste deposits, but their grain sizes are smaller in household and larger in attic dust.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mine‐waste material is being exploited for construction purposes, which considerably contributes to dispersion of metal‐bearing pollutants in the study area and wider surroundings. The environment is significantly burdened with Pb, Zn, Cd, and As . The focus of previous research has been primarily on environmental burden and distribution of pollutants in the environment, while a more detailed source apportionment and assessment of the contribution of individual sources over longer period of time have not been thoroughly studied yet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of contribution of metal pollution sources to attic and household dust in Pb‐polluted area

Miler

Gosar

2019

Indoor Air

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Attic and household dusts from Pb‐polluted area were investigated using various analytical techniques for source apportionment and assessment of source contribution of metal‐bearing phases. Mineralogically, attic dust consists of gypsum, anhydrite, and metal‐bearing phases, while household dust comprises C‐bearing particles and only minor metal‐bearing phases. Sulfur isotope composition of sulfides and sulfates in attic dust shows that they result from past primary smelting of local sulfide ore, while those in household dust originate directly from local mine‐waste material. Pb isotope ratios show that Pb‐bearing phases in both dust types mostly originate from mining and primary smelting of local Pb‐ore. Individual metal‐bearing particles were apportioned by their composition, morphology, and mineralogy to phases from past Pb‐smelting, present‐day Pb‐recycling, and past mining/mine‐waste mechanical processing. Calculated source contribution of metal‐bearing phases to indoor dust showed that primary Pb‐smelting was important pollution source in the past, while active Pb‐recycling has contributed only negligible amount of material so far. However, material from mining/mine‐waste processing is an important currently active pollution source. Study demonstrated that simultaneous investigation of characteristics and isotopic composition of metal‐bearing phases in different indoor dust types serves as tool for assessment of source contribution of past and recent airborne metal pollution.

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“…Primary wulfenite was also detected by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis and considered the main Mo-bearing bearing mineral in four mine waste Pb-Zn ore deposits in the Meža Valley, Slovenia, with a relative abundance <5 vol. %, mostly in the form of individual grains varying between 4.1 and 12.1 µm in diameter, or associated with carbonates [43]. Additionally, results from Mo-bearing coal overburden in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, suggest that dissolved Mo concentrations in mine spoils and soils near the mine may be controlled by a PbMoO 4 solid phase [42].…”

Section: Mineralogy Of Mo In Mine Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Microbiology of Molybdenum in Mining-Affected Environments

Frascoli

Hudson‐Edwards

2018

Minerals

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Abstract:Molybdenum is an essential element for life, with growing production due to a constantly expanding variety of industrial applications. The potentially harmful effects of Mo on the environment, and on human and ecosystem health, require knowledge of Mo behavior in mining-affected environments. Mo is usually present in trace amounts in ore deposits, but mining exploitation can lead to wastes with very high Mo concentrations (up to 4000 mg/kg Mo for tailings), as well as soil, sediments and water contamination in surrounding areas. In mine wastes, molybdenum is liberated from sulfide mineral oxidation and can be sorbed onto secondary Fe(III)-minerals surfaces (jarosite, schwertmannite, ferrihydrite) at moderately acidic waters, or taken up in secondary minerals such as powellite and wulfenite at neutral to alkaline pH. To date, no Mo-metabolising bacteria have been isolated from mine wastes. However, laboratory and in-situ experiments in other types of contaminated land have suggested that several Mo-reducing and -oxidising bacteria may be involved in the cycling of Mo in and from mine wastes, with good potential for bioremediation. Overall, a general lack of data is highlighted, emphasizing the need for further research on the contamination, geochemistry, bio-availability and microbial cycling of Mo in mining-affected environments to improve environmental management and remediation actions.

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Characteristics and potential environmental influences of mine waste in the area of the closed Mežica Pb–Zn mine (Slovenia)

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Identification of Heavy Metals in Crystals of Sand and Silt Fractions of Soils by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM EDS/WD-EPMA)

Identification of Heavy Metals in Crystals of Sand and Silt Fractions of Soils by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM EDS/WD-EPMA)

Assessment of contribution of metal pollution sources to attic and household dust in Pb‐polluted area

Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Microbiology of Molybdenum in Mining-Affected Environments

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