Characteristics and Preparation of Calcium Acetate from Butter Clam (Saxidomus purpuratus) Shell Powder by Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

For effective utilization of butter clam shell as a natural calcium resource, the optimal conditions for preparation of calcium acetate (BCCA) with high solubility were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The polynomial models developed by RSM for pH, solubility, and yield were highly effective in describing the relationships between factors (P<0.05). Increased molar ratio of calcined powder (BCCP) from butter clam shell led to reduction of solubility, yield, color values, and overall quality. Critical values of multiple response optimization to independent variables were 2.70 M and 1.05 M for acetic acid and BCCP, respectively. The actual values (pH 7.04, 93.0% for solubility and 267.5% for yield) under optimization conditions were similar to predicted values. White indices of BCCAs were in the range of 89.7∼93.3. Therefore, color value was improved by calcination and organic acid treatment. Buffering capacity of BCCAs was strong at pH 4.88 to 4.92 upon addition of ∼2 mL of 1 N HCl. Calcium content and solubility of BCCAs were 20.7∼22.8 g/100 g and 97.2∼99.6%, respectively. The patterns of fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer analyses from BCCA were identified as calcium acetate monohydrate, and microstructure by field emission scanning electron microscope showed an irregular form.

Characterization of Calcium Lactate Prepared from Butter Clam Saxidomus purpuratus Shell Powder

“…무기질 분석 BCCP 51,140 mg/100 g , (Kim et al, 2000b) 36,300 mg/100 g, (Cho et al, 2001b) 70,518 mg/100 g, (Ko and No, 2002b) 49,980 mg/100 g, 44,890 mg/100 g . , (Lee et al, 2004) 16,310-27,150 mg/100 g , , 20,671-22,769 mg/100 g , Kim et al (2003) 21,320-25,700 mg/100 g 12,060-12,650 mg/100 g , (Ko and No, 2002a) 39,700 mg/100 g .…”

“…(Shelef, 1994), (Mizunuma et al, 1996), (Shrestha et al, 1982), (Reshef et al, 1990;Wargovich et al, 1990) . (CaCO 3 , ) (CaO, ) , (Gurthrie, 1971;Lee et al, 2015;Park et al, 2015). , , (Xu and Xu, 2014), .…”

Properties of Calcium Lactate Prepared from Calcined Littleneck Clam Ruditapes philippinarum Shell Powder

“…, , (Cho et al, 2001b), (Ko and No, 2002b) , , , ) (Yoon et al, 2016) (Kang et al, 2005) . Date were quoted for our previous paper Lee et al, 2015) 0.1 mL pH 6.16-6.37, 2.0 mL pH 4.88-4.92 , , 0.1 mL pH 6.15-6.44 , 2.0 mL pH 4.89-4.92 LCCLs . , (Yoon et al, 2016) 0.1 mL pH 3.24-12.10 , 2.0 mL pH 2.82-3.80 LCCLs .…”