Characteristics and temporal variations of organic and elemental carbon aerosols in PM1 in Changchun, Northeast China

Li, Na; Wei, Xiaoying; Han, Weizheng; Sun, Siyue; Wu, Jiequn

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07494-9

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Therefore, a higher PM 1 /PM 2.5 ratio indicates a greater proportion of pollution from these sources. 44) In this study, the PM 1 /PM 2.5 ratio was much lower than the ratios which reported in the other periods and regions, which proves that the suspension of industrial and traffic activities caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 affected the long-range transport of PM 1 and PM 2.5 to KUWAMS.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…The strong correlation for the COVID-19 period indicates that carbonaceous aerosols in this period were primly from the joint source and were affected by similar transport procedures. 44) There were fewer sources of OC and EC during this period, which might have been due to the curtailing of unnecessary activities, including industrial manufacturing and traffic activity etc. by the Chinese authorities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Long-Range Transport of Common Air Pollutants in KUWAMS

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Chem. Pharm. Bull.

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As a background sampling site in western Japan, the Kanazawa University Wajima Air Monitoring Station (KUWAMS) continuously observes the air pollutants, including PM 1 , PM 2.5 , organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC). Data for September 2019 to April 2020 were compared with data for September 2018 to April 2019. The mean concentrations of both PM 1 and PM 2.5 were 4.10 µg/m 3 (47%) and 5.82 µg/m 3 (33%) lower, respectively in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) period (January to April) than in the same period in 2019. Notably, the average concentrations of both classes of particulate matter (PM) in the COVID-19 period were the lowest for that period in all years since 2016. OC and EC also considerably lower (by 69 and 63%, respectively) during the COVID-19 period than during the same period in 2019. All pollutants were then started to increase after the resumption of the work in 2020. The pollutant variations correspond to the measure implemented during the COVID-19 period, including the nationwide lockdown and work resumption. Furthermore, the reductions in the ratios PM 1 /PM 2.5 and OC/EC during COVID-19 period indicate lighter pollution and fewer emission sources. This analysis of the changes in the pollutant concentrations during the epidemic and non-epidemic periods illustrates the significance of the dominant pollution emissions at KUWAMS and the impact of pollution from China that undergoes long-range transport to KUWAMS.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Long-Range Transport of Common Air Pollutants in KUWAMS

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Chem. Pharm. Bull.

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“…Kumar and Yadav conducted a study in several locations in Northern India and found that in all locations, char-EC is higher than soot-EC. The char/soot ratios of 2.91–28.55 observed in Changchun (Northeast China) during 2016–2017 indicate that vehicles, coal burning, cooking, and biomass burning are potential contributors to EC . A char/soot ratio of as high as 29.4 has been found in a study on an Indochina region, implying the predominance of aerosol derived from biomass burning .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The char/soot ratios of 2.91−28.55 observed in Changchun (Northeast China) during 2016−2017 indicate that vehicles, coal burning, cooking, and biomass burning are potential contributors to EC. 65 A char/soot ratio of as high as 29.4 has been found in a study on an Indochina region, implying the predominance of aerosol derived from biomass burning. 67 Kumar et al 94 stated that soot-EC with small particle sizes and long lifetimes can be transported over long distances, whereas char-EC with large particle sizes can be attributed to local combustion emissions given their high rate of deposition.…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Variations In Carbonmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Soot contains dominant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, compounds containing oxygen (furans, benzofurans, and phenols), and compounds containing aliphatic nitrogen (benzonitrile). ,,, Several studies have been conducted in Southeast Asia, Indochina, and India on the emission of char-EC and soot-EC from different sources. The studies found that low (∼1) char-EC/soot-EC ratios indicate the fuel combustion of transportation sectors and burning of grass, whereas high char-EC/soot-EC ratios reflect wood combustion, particularly biomass burning by smoldering at low temperature, in the study areas. ,,− Secondary OC (SOC) contributes considerably to the total particulate matter in the lower atmosphere . SOC is formed via secondary reactions in the atmosphere and can be estimated using the minimum OC/EC ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Influence of Tropical Weather and Northeasterly Air Mass on Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Southern Malay Peninsula

Suradi

Khan

Alias

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Carbonaceous aerosols play a key role in climate modification and exert a deleterious effect on human health. Thus, this study aimed to determine the thermally derived carbonaceous fraction in particulate matter (PM)2.5 from the Southern Malay Peninsula, a tropical area in Malaysia, during January 2019 to March 2019. PM2.5 was captured on quartz filters using a high-volume sampler on a 24 h basis. Eight of the carbon fractions were measured using the thermal optical reflectance method. Carbonaceous aerosol was thoroughly characterized by estimating elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), total carbon, secondary OC, soot-EC, and char-EC to determine the mechanism of emission from fossil fuel combustion, biomass, and secondary origins. The effect of local meteorological factors and air mass transport on the change in the light-absorbing aerosol fraction was also examined. Secondary organic sources and primary sources emitted 46 and 54% of OC, respectively. The estimated char-EC in this study was 10-fold higher than soot-EC, indicating that biomass burning and coal combustion were the predominant routes of EC emission, whereas petrol or diesel engines were the less predominant generators of soot-EC. Trajectory modeling showed that biomass fires in the Indochina region were the potential origin of carbonaceous aerosols transported from the northeasterly direction.

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A methodological approach to define the state of conservation of the stone materials used in the Cairo historical heritage (Egypt)

Rovella

Aly

Comite

et al. 2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The use of stone materials in cultural heritage and architecture represents a practice that has its roots in ancient times. Stone buildings, depending on the construction materials and their location in the urban context, are particularly vulnerable to weathering phenomena. These can be often accelerated by changes in environmental conditions linked mostly to the anthropic activities. In this way, the present work is addressed on the minero-petrographic and geochemical characterisa-tion of samples taken from the built historical heritage in Cairo (Egypt), related to seven monumental areas. These sites have been chosen based on their historical importance, type of material, state of preservation and position in the Cairo context. The construction materials used and their degradation products were studied comparing the results obtained by means of different analytical techniques such as polarised light optical microscopy (POM), ion chromatography (IC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the carbonaceous fraction, detected by using the thermogravimetry (TG). The results achieved demonstrated that black crusts and salt crystallisation represent the most common and dam-aging degradation products affecting all the monumental sites. Moreover, the environmental pollution produced by industrial activities and vehicular traffic has been identified as the main cause of these processes, followed by a marginal contribution of natural sources such as the sea spray. The data collected provide useful information to plan efficient conservation strategies in the future.

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Characteristics and temporal variations of organic and elemental carbon aerosols in PM1 in Changchun, Northeast China

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Long-Range Transport of Common Air Pollutants in KUWAMS

Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Long-Range Transport of Common Air Pollutants in KUWAMS

Influence of Tropical Weather and Northeasterly Air Mass on Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Southern Malay Peninsula

A methodological approach to define the state of conservation of the stone materials used in the Cairo historical heritage (Egypt)

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