Characteristics and Trends of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient Cohort in Finland 2006-2015

Korhonen, Niina; Ylitalo, Leea; Luukkaala, Tiina; Itkonen, Julius; Häihälä, Henni; Jernman, Juha; Snellman, Erna; Palve, Johanna

doi:10.2340/00015555-3110

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Tumors that occurred at the medial canthus, which implied a greater possibility of involving the mucous membranes, were more likely to invade the orbit. The greatest risk factor for SCC was the total amount of exposure to UV radiation (16), so it is not difficult to understand that SCC mostly occurs in populations over 60 years old (17). From our observation, although patients under 63 years of age are less likely affected by SCC, they tend to have more aggressive SCC when affected, which may be the reason that individuals of younger age were more prone to orbital invasion.…”

Section: Orbit Invasionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Nomogram for Preoperative Estimation of Orbit Invasion Risk in Periocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Importance: Orbital invasion occurs in some periocular squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), compromising surgical outcomes, and prognoses of patients. To date, however, there are no validation studies on the clinical features related to orbital invasion in patients with periocular SCC. Objective: To explore clinical features that may be associated with orbital invasion and build a model for predicting the risk of orbital invasion. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this retrospective mono-center case-control study, 90 patients with periocular SCC were treated at the Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2005 to August 2019. "Case" is defined as a SCC patient with orbit invasion prior to operation. "Exposure" is defined as the different sites of lesion. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical features, including "time to relapse after surgery," were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the independent risk clinical features associated with orbital invasion, which was then incorporated into a nomogram. Results: Of the 90 patients included in this study, 33 patients (36.7%) had orbital invasion. 14 of the 33 orbit-invasive patients had local recurrence, while 11 of 57 orbit non-invasive patients had local recurrence, suggesting that orbital invasion is a risk factor for local recurrence. The multivariate binary logistic regression indicated that the lesions at the medial canthus [odds ratio (OR), 5.024, 95% CI, 1.409-17.912, P = 0.013], the age at diagnosis (10-years intervals; OR, 0.590, 95% CI, 0.412-0.844, P = 0.004), and bleeding in the lesion (OR, 3.480, 95% CI, 1.254-9.660, P = 0.017) were three preoperative clinical features significantly associated with orbital invasion. Conclusion: For periocular SCC, lesions at the medial canthus, the younger age of the patients at diagnosis, and bleeding in the lesion were the three main clinical features associated with orbital invasion. The risk score model for orbital invasion can act as a supportive tool for optimized clinical evaluation and treatment decisions.

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Section: Orbit Invasionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Nomogram for Preoperative Estimation of Orbit Invasion Risk in Periocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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“…Features of the cSCC tumours themselves, including anatomic location, degree of differentiation and depth of invasion, were also noted. Details of the cohort and time trends observable in it have been reported previously [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premalignant lesions, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

et al. 2020

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The incidence of keratinocyte carcinomas is increasing worldwide and currently there is no standardised strategy for the follow-up of patients with multiple tumours. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of premalignant lesions, i.e., actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, as well as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM) among patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Pathology database search was performed to identify all cSCC patients diagnosed in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland in 2006-2015. Details of the patients and tumours were obtained through medical record review. The cohort consisted of 774 patients with 1131 cSCC tumours. Overall 559 patients (72%) had premalignant lesions. A total of 316 patients (41%) had BCC and 52% of these (n = 164) had more than one BCC tumour. 50 patients (6%) had CM. Overall 180 cSCC patients (23%) had no premalignant changes, BCC or CM. The median age of these patients was 6 years less than that of the patients with premalignant lesions (p < 0.001) or BCC (p < 0.001). The invasion depth of the tumours was deeper in the patients with only cSCC (median 3 mm, interquartile range 2-6) than in those with premalignant lesions or BCC (median 2 mm, interquartile range 1-3), p < 0.001. CSCC patients have a high risk of developing multiple skin cancers and need long-term follow-up.

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“…68,103 However, men have a much higher incidence than women of tumours on the ears, scalp and neck, and trunk. 103 As shown in Figure 3, based on data from Townsville, Australia, 70 76% of cSCC tumours occurred in head and neck region for men and 64% for women. Women have been found to have a slightly higher incidence of cSCC on the extremities 68 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The face appears to be the most commonly affected body site in both sexes for cSCC 68,103 . However, men have a much higher incidence than women of tumours on the ears, scalp and neck, and trunk 103 .…”

Section: Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex disparity in skin carcinogenesis and potential influence of sex hormones

Collier

Musicante

Patel

et al. 2021

Skin Health and Disease

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Background: Sex or gender disparity in skin cancer has been documented for a long time at the population level. UV radiation (UVR) is a common environmental risk for all three major types of skin cancer: cutaneous melanoma (CM), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The underlying mechanism for sex disparity has been largely attributed to sex-differentiated behaviour patterns related to UVR. Non-UVR factors such as intrinsic physiological differences have been suggested but remain understudied. Aims, Materials and Methods: This review summarizes and compares the known sex differences in three skin cancer types with regard to body site distribution and age influence. Results: We found a similar age-dependent sex difference pattern in CM and BCC. Specifically, CM and BCC tend to show higher incidence in young women and old men, with a switching age around menopause. The switching age suggests involvement of sex hormones, which has shown controversial influence on skin cancers at epidemiological level. Literatures regarding sex hormone receptors for oestrogen, androgen and progesterone are summarized for potential explanations at molecular level. Discussion: Overall, more and more evidence suggests non-UVR factors such as sex hormones play critical roles in skin cancer (especially CM and BCC), yet solid population and molecular evidence are required. Incidences of skin cancer are increasing which suggests limited effect for the current UVR-avoidance prevention methods. Conclusion: Fully understanding the causes of sex disparities in incidence is necessary for developing a comprehensive prevention strategy. V. Collier and M. Musicante have contributed equally to this work.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Characteristics and Trends of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient Cohort in Finland 2006-2015

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Nomogram for Preoperative Estimation of Orbit Invasion Risk in Periocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Nomogram for Preoperative Estimation of Orbit Invasion Risk in Periocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Premalignant lesions, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Sex disparity in skin carcinogenesis and potential influence of sex hormones

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