Characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccination status among staff and faculty of a large, diverse University in Los Angeles: The Trojan Pandemic Response Initiative

Nicolò, Michele; Kawaguchi, Eric S.; Ghanem-Uzqueda, Angie; Kim, Andre E.; Soto, Daniel W.; Deva, Sohini; Shanker, Kush; Rogers, Christopher J.; Lee, Ryan; Casagrande, Yolee; Gilliland, Frank D.; Orman, Sarah Van; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Kovács, Andrea; Conti, David V.; Hu, Howard; Unger, Jennifer B.

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101802

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Interestingly, our findings clearly characterize a subgroup of users that were ideologically opposed to the vaccine; in line with other studies, our findings showed that these users had an a priori refusal of the vaccines, a high level of distrust in conventional medicine, health system and institutions, and a tendency to believe in conspiracy theories [ 54 , 55 ]. In this group of users, it seems that there was no room for discussing vaccination, sharing knowledge of the vaccine, and developing an informed decision-making partnership.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Communicating with Patients about COVID-19 Vaccination: A Qualitative Study on Vaccinators in Tuscany Region, Italy

et al. 2023

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The rapid development of the vaccine and the infodemia have challenged communication about COVID-19 vaccines. This study aims to characterize—through the experience of vaccinators—the challenges faced during COVID-19 vaccination consultations and the communication strategies adopted. A qualitative study was conducted on COVID-19 vaccinators in Tuscany, Italy. Face-to-face interviews were conducted and examined by thematic analysis. In total, 30 vaccinators were interviewed. Four main themes emerged. The first highlighted distinct profiles of users’ attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Barriers and promoters of vaccine uptake emerged in the second theme: concerns over the vaccine, excessive exposure to information, and a lack of clear guidance from institutions were the main factors behind hesitancy. The third theme highlighted users’ information-seeking behaviors; vaccinators observed that users ideologically opposed to the vaccine (IOV) unconsciously seek information that confirms their theories. The last theme comprised communication strategies for dealing with hesitancy. Empathy, first-hand examples, transparency, and tailored communication style appear to be effective in building vaccine trust. Lastly, the impossibility of developing a decision-making partnership with IOVs was noticed. These findings may help to better characterize public attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and highlight key communication principles and strategies to foster vaccine confidence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Communicating with Patients about COVID-19 Vaccination: A Qualitative Study on Vaccinators in Tuscany Region, Italy

et al. 2023

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“…In particular, the unvaccinated group showed the most negative feelings regarding prevention measures, while the vaccinated-on-time group had the most positive feelings. Unvaccinated people, therefore, seem to show a broader behavior characterized not only by vaccine refusal but also by a general higher level of disregard and for basic social and prevention norms [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various factors have been associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Yet, most of the COVID-19 literature mainly focused on vaccine uptake intention or self-reported vaccine uptake, and it has been shown that the willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine may not predict later vaccine uptake [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Lastrucci

Lorini²,

Stacchini³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Identifying determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is essential for developing effective strategies for promoting vaccination. This longitudinal study aimed to explore predictors of actual COVID-19 vaccine uptake in workers involved in essential services during the first lockdown period in the Prato Province (Italy). All essential workers were invited and surveyed before COVID-19 vaccine approval (96.5% participation rate). Participants were followed up to evaluate their actual COVID-19 vaccination uptake using the vaccination register. Multinomial models were performed to assess predictors of delayed vaccination or non-vaccination. A total of 691 participants were included, of whom 21.7% had delayed the vaccination and 4.4% were unvaccinated. Participants with a sufficient level of health literacy were 50.2% in the vaccinated-on-time group and 32.3% in the unvaccinated group. The multinomial model predictors of delayed vaccination were work type (OR = 0.51), age between 50 and 59 years (OR = 1.82), and influenza vaccination uptake in the last season (OR = 2.51). Predictors of being unvaccinated were work type (OR = 0.33) and attitudes related to attributing less importance to COVID-19 preventive measures (OR = 0.47). Findings showed distinct predictors for COVID-19 vaccination delay and for being unvaccinated. Being unvaccinated seems to be associated with a general skepticism toward prevention measures.

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“…This study was approved by the USC Institutional Review Board. Methods and procedures have been published elsewhere [ 8 ]. Briefly, all graduate and undergraduate students enrolled at the university in addition to staff and faculty were invited by email to participate in a brief COVID-19 survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conflicting guidelines and practices for mitigating the spread of the virus (e.g., changing mask mandates) at the state and federal levels in the U.S. produced confusion among the population often resulting in poor health outcomes [ 3 – 7 ]. Wariness of the science surrounding COVID-19 has sparked controversy over safety of the COVID-19 vaccine and increasing hesitancy among certain subgroups in the population [ 8 – 11 ]. Vaccine hesitancy and denial are likely responsible for a large portion of the estimated 319,000 excess COVID-19 deaths (as of April 30, 2022) that vaccinations could have been prevented in the U.S. [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust in science and scientists among university students, staff, and faculty of a large, diverse university in Los Angeles during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Trojan Pandemic Response Initiative

et al. 2023

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Background Mistrust in science and scientists may adversely influence the rate of COVID-19 vaccination and undermine public health initiatives to reduce virus transmission. Methods Students, staff and faculty responded to an email invitation to complete an electronic survey. Surveys included 21-items from the Trust in Science and Scientists Inventory questionnaire. Responses were coded so higher scores indicated a higher trust in science and scientists, A linear regression model including sex, age group, division, race and ethnicity, political affiliation, and history of COVID-19, was used to determine variables significantly associated with trust in science and scientists scores at the p < 0.05 level. Results Participants were mostly female (62.1%), Asian (34.7%) and White (39.5%) and students (70.6%). More than half identified their political affiliation as Democrat (65%). In the final regression model, all races and ethnicities had significantly lower mean trust in science and scientists scores than White participants [Black ($$B$$= -0.42, 95% CI: -0.55, -0.43, p < 0.001); Asian ($$B$$= -0.20, 95% CI: -0.24, -0.17, p < 0.001); Latinx ($$B$$= -0.22, 95% CI: -0.27, -0.18, p < 0.001); Other ($$B$$= -0.19, 95% CI: -0.26, -0.11, p < 0.001)]. Compared to those identifying as Democrat, all other political affiliations had significantly lower mean scores. [Republican ($$B$$ =-0.49, 95% CI: -0.55, -0.43, p < 0.0001); Independent ($$B$$ =-0.29, 95% CI: -0.33, -0.25, p < 0.0001); something else ($$B$$ =-0.19, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.12, p < 0.0001)]. Having had COVID-19 ($$B$$= -0.10, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.06, p < 0.001) had significantly lower scores compared to those who did not have COVID-19. Conclusion Despite the setting of a major research University, trust in science is highly variable. This study identifies characteristics that could be used to target and curate educational campaigns and university policies to address the COVID19 and future pandemics.

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Characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccination status among staff and faculty of a large, diverse University in Los Angeles: The Trojan Pandemic Response Initiative

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Communicating with Patients about COVID-19 Vaccination: A Qualitative Study on Vaccinators in Tuscany Region, Italy

Communicating with Patients about COVID-19 Vaccination: A Qualitative Study on Vaccinators in Tuscany Region, Italy

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Trust in science and scientists among university students, staff, and faculty of a large, diverse university in Los Angeles during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Trojan Pandemic Response Initiative

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