Characteristics of Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors Registered in the Hiroshima Tumor Tissue Registry, 1973-2012

Abstract

Background:Reported information on the characteristics of benign bone tumors is disjointed, and the long-term trends in the occurrence of malignant bone tumors by histological type have not been reported in Japan. Our aim was to describe the characteristics of both benign and malignant bone tumors as described in cases registered in the Hiroshima Tumor Tissue Registry from 1973 to 2012.Methods:Cases were identified with the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3) topography code C40-C41 (bones, joints, and articular cartilage), and histological types were classified according to the World Health Organization 2013 system. We described the distribution of the cases by behavior, sex, skeletal site of tumor occurrence, histological type, period at diagnosis (in 10-year groups), and age at diagnosis (in 10-year groups).Results:We observed 2,542 benign bone tumors, 272 intermediate bone tumors, and 506 malignant bone tumors. We confirmed that 81.6% of benign bone tumors were chondrogenic, consisting primarily of osteochondromas and enchondromas. Giant cell tumor of bone was the most dominant type of intermediate tumor, whereas osteogenic tumors and chondrogenic tumors were the most dominant types of malignant tumors. Among malignant bone tumors, 41.7% of tumors occurred in the long bones of the lower limb, and there were different peaks of age at the time of diagnosis for osteogenic tumors and chondrogenic tumors. A similar distribution of histological types was seen throughout the 40-year observation period.Conclusions:Osteochondroma and enchondroma differed in terms of the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis and the skeletal sites where the tumors most frequently occurred. Giant cell tumor had a large impact on occurrence as a common type of intermediate bone tumor.Clinical Relevance:The results of the present study, based on pathological tissue registry data, provide knowledge about the epidemiological and pathological features of bone tumors in Japan.

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

“…The major source of data on whole-body human exposures to gamma radiation is the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort that includes over 120,000 survivors of the atomic bombing in 1945 [3][4][5][6]. While these data have been a remarkable resource for epidemiological studies determining risks associated with acute exposures [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13], extrapolation of health risks to humans exposed intermittently to lower doses of radiation remains uncertain. Different mathematical modelling approaches have been used over the past 50 years to extrapolate health risks but they were met with variable enthusiasm from the scientific community [1,[14][15][16][17][18].…”

Intracanalicular Osteochondroma in the Lumbar Spine

“…1) Osteochondroma occurs more frequently in the lower limbs (long bones, 46.7%; short bones, 19.1%), whereas osteochondromas rarely occur in the spine (1.2%). 2) In this report, we present two rare cases of solitary osteochondroma in the lumbar spine that were successfully extirpated surgically.…”

“…1) Osteochondroma has been reported to account for 41% (1051/2542) of benign tumors and 35% (1051/3320) of all bone tumors. 2) Most cases present in the first three decades of life. 1,2) Approximately 15% of presenting patients have multiple lesions characteristic of autosomal dominant multiple hereditary exostoses.…”

“…2) Most cases present in the first three decades of life. 1,2) Approximately 15% of presenting patients have multiple lesions characteristic of autosomal dominant multiple hereditary exostoses. 1) Osteochondroma occurs more frequently in the lower limbs (long bones, 46.7%; short bones, 19.1%), whereas osteochondromas rarely occur in the spine (1.2%).…”

Regenerative Semi-Supervised Bidirectional W-Network-Based Knee Bone Tumor Classification on Radiographs Guided by Three-Region Bone Segmentation

“…Most bone tumors are non-cancerous (benign) and some are cancerous (malignant). In fact, benign and malignant bone tumors are fairly rare, and this has certainly limited the collection of data pertaining to their relative frequency, and has led to an inadequate understanding of the risk factors [2]. Benign tumors are usually not life threatening, while malignant tumors can spread cancer cells throughout the body.…”