Characteristics of channel steps and reach morphology in headwater streams, southeast Alaska

Coarse Bed Sediments in a Headwater Channel as Indicators of Fluvial Processes and Slope-Channel Coupling: A Case Study from the Carpathian Mountains (Czech Republic)

“…Woody debris stored in the stream channels significantly affects the average size of bed particles, too (e.g. Kaczka, 2003;Montgomery et al, 2003), and it plays an important role in the development of stepped-bed morphologies (Gomi et al, 2003).…”

Biogeomorphological effects of leaf accumulations in stepped-bed channels: Exploratory study, Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mountains, Czech Republic

“…LW-created structures (e.g. steps and pools) retain sediment and increase the bed roughness, bankfull depth and mean particle size; they also reduce sediment transport relative to reaches that lack LW (Bilby and Ward, 1989;Curran and Wohl, 2003;Faustini and Jones, 2003;Gomi et al, 2003;Wilcox and Wohl, 2006;Burrows et al, 2012;Scott et al, 2014). LW accumulations decrease the probability of bed particle movement during high flows and reduce the mean travel distance of entrained particles, thus reducing sediment transport efficiency (Faustini and Jones, 2003).…”

Bankfull widths in steep headwaters of the flysch Carpathians

“…Their sediment transport regime and hydrodynamics differ substantially from those of low gradient rivers. The channel geometry of the headwater channel is the result of various shaping factors owing to the strong hillslope-channel coupling, occurrence of vertically oscillating bedforms, usually coarse bed sediments, influence of additional roughness parameters (bedrock outcrops, large woods) and usually limited sediment supply [Whiting et al 1999, Gomi et al 2003, Hassan et al 2005, Comiti and Mao 2012. Despite these facts, the relationship between the bankfull width (W) and the watershed area (A) expressed by the following power law with c and d coefficients [Leopold and Maddock 1953] is often used even for small mountain channels [Brummer and Montgomery 2003, Golden and Springer 2006, Vianello and D'Agostino 2007, Wohl and Merritt 2008, Galia and Hradecký 2014:…”