CHARACTERISTICS OF CHARCOAL BRIQUETTES FROM KEPOK BANANA PEEL WASTE (Musa paradisiaca F.) AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL

Abstract

Banana peel is a biomass waste that has the potential to be used as charcoal briquettes. Banana peels contain lignocellulose, including 58.5% lignin, 41.8% cellulose and 38.1% hemicellulose, which are the main ingredients that must be present in the raw material for charcoal briquettes. This study aims to identify the characteristics of charcoal briquettes produced based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The adhesive used is sago flour with a concentration of 5%, 10%, and 15% in 100 g of charcoal briquette raw material. The results obtained were the best adhesive concentration used, namely 5%. By testing, it obtained several characteristics that meet the SNI, including a density of 0.5957 g/cm3 , a compressive strength of 4.8920 kg/cm2 , and a calorific value of 10,815.9437 cal/g. At the same time, the characteristics that did not meet SNI were water content of 8.465%, ash content of 27.850%, volatile matter content of 46.967% and bound carbon content of 25.183%.

THE UTILIZATION OF DURIAN PEELS (Durio zibethinus) FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF CHARCOAL BRIQUETTES AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL

“…The comparison of the weight and volume of briquettes demonstrates the principle of determining density or specific gravity. Briquette density influences packaging, storage, and transportation; the higher the density, the less volume or space required for the same weight of briquettes (Supriadi et al 2022;Rahmawati 2013;Oladeji and Enweremadu 2012). This study's density is lower than the density of briquettes made in England, which is 0,84g/cm 3 , but it meets the standard value for briquette density in Indonesia, which is 0.44 g/cm3.…”

“…Chemical compositions like as ash content, volatile matter content, and bound carbon content are typically utilized to determine the quality of charcoal briquettes. Mechanical properties in addition to physical properties such as water content, specific gravity, and calorific value (Supriadi et al 2022;Rahmawati et al 2020;Rahmawati 2013).…”

“…Briquette packaging, storage, and transportation will be influenced by density. The greater the density, the less space is required for the same weight of briquettes (Supriadi et al 2022;Rahmawati 2013;Oladeji and Enweremadu 2012). The density is determined concurrently with the water content, ensuring that the test samples are identical.…”

“…According to this research, the charcoal produced is of high quality and has a high calorific value. Furthermore, increasing the compression rate of charcoal briquettes raises the specific gravity, and using different pressures affects the calorific value, which indicates the briquettes' quality level (Afra et al 2021;Sunardi et al 2019;Supriadi et al 2022;Rahmawati et al 2020).…”

“…A high density level also has advantages, such as briquettes becoming denser and stronger, as well as having a high level of stability and being more compact, which does not take up space. The moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, bound carbon content, and calorific value of the resulting briquettes are all affected by the specific gravity of wood (Supriadi et al 2022).…”