Characteristics of Control Piston Motion and Pressure Inside of a Common Rail Diesel Injector

Schuckert, Sebastian; Wachtmeister, Georg

doi:10.4995/ilass2017.2017.6454

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A pressure transducer gauged the pressure in the feed line of the injector via a small drill hole. 18 The pressure called ''injection pressure'' in this study was measured before the inlet connector of the injector approximately 200 mm upstream of the injector. All injection rate measurements were performed with a counter pressure of 2 MPa in the fuel-filled coiled tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Emission performance of combustion engines has gained outstanding importance with both legislators and customers over the past years. Injector aging, such as nozzle wear or coking, results in the deterioration of injection and emission parameters. In this study, the influences of aging effects on injection rate, fuel spray as well as engine performance and emissions were assessed. Nozzles, which had previously been operated in a vehicle engine and were likely to have suffered from aging, showed no aging-induced characteristics during injection rate and spray measurements and were not investigated further. Therefore, nozzles with different nozzle hole diameters were utilized to simulate the different aging effects. Injection rate measurements demonstrated, that for smaller energizing times, a nozzle with smaller nozzle holes can deliver a higher injected mass than a nozzle with bigger nozzle holes. The adaptation of energizing time or injection pressure demonstrated the potential to compensate the change in engine load due to smaller or bigger nozzle holes. For bigger nozzle holes, the adaptation of injection pressure in order to restore the target load returned lower NOx emissions, whereas the adaptation of the energizing time always yielded lower soot emissions compared to the reference nozzle. For small nozzle holes, the optimization of the start of energizing reduced specific NOx emissions without increasing specific soot emissions. The comparison of measured injection rate and fuel spray characteristics to the ones reported in literature confirms the possibility of simulating nozzle wear by increased nozzle holes and coking by smaller nozzle holes. The results of this study are of vital interest to the research of aging effects and add useful knowledge about compensation methods for nozzle aging.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…Ensuring a stable overall energy percentage attributed to the pilot injection is critical for the comparison. Because the two fuels differ significantly in their density, kinematic viscosity, and lower heating value, a The values are experimentally determined on a purpose-built Injection Rate Analyzer (IRA), iterated from a concept 81 based on the original technical principle published by Bosch. 82 The current state of the IRA's working principle, the expected accuracy, and details on the equipment are summarized in another study.…”

Section: Pomdme Substitution -Injector Benchmarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values are experimentally determined on a purpose-built Injection Rate Analyzer (IRA), iterated from a concept 81 based on the original technical principle published by Bosch. 82 The current state of the IRA’s working principle, the expected accuracy, and details on the equipment are summarized in another study.…”

Section: Experimental Setup / Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical study on a heavy-duty natural gas dual-fuel engine applying POMDME as pilot fuel

Mühlthaler,

Prager,

Jaensch

2024

International Journal of Engine Research

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In this study, a fully optically accessible single-cylinder research engine is the basis for the visualization and generation of extensive knowledge about the in-cylinder processes of mixture formation, ignition, and combustion of alternative fuels for the dual-fuel combustion process. POMDME substitutes the fossil pilot fuel as a drop-in, non-sooting alternative to widely eliminate the NOx-PM tradeoff. Furthermore, an optimized ignition behavior, increased degrees of freedom in combustion phasing, and the pilot’s energy content are expected. The flame luminosity transmitted via an optical piston was split in the optical path to record the natural flame luminosity simultaneously with an RGB high-speed camera. The second channel consisted of OH chemiluminescence recording, isolated by a bandpass filter via an intensified monochrome high-speed camera. To investigate the combustion process spectrally, spatially, and temporally resolved in more detail, selected operating points were re-recorded via a high-speed imaging spectrograph. POMDME is benchmarked against regular diesel oil, according to EN590. Synthetic natural gas is applied as the primary gaseous fuel. Experimental sweeps along the overall pilot’s energy content (2%, 5%, 10%), injection pressure (500–1600 bar), and start of energizing (5–55 CAD bFTDC) are carried out. The given conditions result in decreased liquid-penetration length between 25% and 30% for the oxygenate, larger for earlier SOE and higher dilution. The lift-off length is nearer the liquid penetration length, increasing for higher rail pressures. The light-based ignition delay for EN590 is enlarged by 0.8 CAD after adding methane, while the oxygenate is not visibly retarded. Without methane, the oxygenate preceded EN590 by 0.6 CAD. The temporal and spatial position and extent of premixed, diffusive, and OH*, change significantly. RCCI operation at practically relevant 18.4 bar IMEP is demonstrated, highlighting the influence of the start of energizing variation with 51% decreased burn duration in the first half of combustion.

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“…Thanks to it, we are able to determine the capping of nozzle tips that can cause problems with starting the engine, an uneven operation of the engine, uncontrolled changes in power and torque of the engine, and even its unexpected stop. As a consequence, it has an impact on the durability of the engine's fuel supply system and its operational parameters, such as the amount of fuel consumption or the level of emissions of selected toxic components of exhaust gases into the atmosphere [12,15,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of the addition of bioethanol to gas oil on coking diesel engine injector terminals

et al. 2019

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The article presents the results of empirical research and their analysis regarding the impact of diesel oil and diesel oil mixture with bioethanol on coking the test injector nozzles of the XUD9 engine from PSA. The research included three fuel deals: diesel fuel as the base fuel and diesel oil mix with ONE10 bioethanol (10% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)), ONE20 (20% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)). They were conducted on the basis of CEC PF-023 developed by CEC (Coordinating European Council). Each of the above-mentioned fuels was tested using a new set of injectors. The propensity of the fuel for coking the injector tips was expressed as a percentage reduction in the air flow through the nozzles of each injector for the given sheer increments. The test result was the average percentage of airflow reduction for all nozzles at 0.1 mm spike increments and was measured according to ISO 4010 "Diesel engines. Calibrating nozzle, delay pintle type”. The test results for individual atomizers of the above-mentioned test engine in the area of sediment formation from flowing fuel shown a lower tendency to coke the injectors using diesel fuel-bioethanol in comparison to the use of pure diesel oil. Based on the CEC PF-023 test, it can be noticed that the level of contamination of the tested injectors for ONE10 fuel is about 3% lower, and for ONE20 fuel is about 4% lower than the level of pollution for diesel fuel.

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Characteristics of Control Piston Motion and Pressure Inside of a Common Rail Diesel Injector

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Optical study on a heavy-duty natural gas dual-fuel engine applying POMDME as pilot fuel

Evaluation of the effect of the addition of bioethanol to gas oil on coking diesel engine injector terminals

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