Characteristics of flexible indium tin oxide electrode grown by continuous roll-to-roll sputtering process for flexible organic solar cells

Processing Issues and the Characterization of Soft Electrochemical 3D Sensor

“…Such devices are usually made on polymeric substrates such as: polyethylene terephthalate [1,2,3,4], polyimide film [5,6,7], polypropylene carbonate [8] and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [9,10]. Microfabrication and nanotechnologies are commonly utilized to develop polymeric sensors and devices [11,12,13,14].…”

Remote plasma sputtering of indium tin oxide thin films for large area flexible electronics

“…Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with applications as a transparent electrode for flat panel displays [1], photovoltaic devices [2] and as an infrared mirror in energy saving windows [3]. ITO offers the best combination of electrical conductivity and visible light transmission with excellent environmental stability, reproducibility and surface morphology [1,3].…”

“…The move to polymeric substrates is driven by their relatively low cost, mechanical flexibility, and light weight [2]. These properties not only make flexible devices attractive to the end customer, but also enable efficient mass manufacturing using 'roll to roll' processes [10].…”

ITO Etched by Photolithography Used in the Fabrication of Flexible Organic Solar Cells with PET Substrates

“…To create an efficient PSC (polymer solar cell), it is necessary to optimize electricity generation, dissociation and carrier transport. The flexible solar cells fabricated using the roll-to-roll technology exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 1.88% [3].…”

“…The argon ion treatments of the PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate improve the flexibility of the ITO (indium tin oxide) electrode [5]. The parameters of ITO such as resistivity, carrier concentration, transmittance, surface morphology and work function depend on the surface treatments and significantly influence the performances of the solar cells [6].…”