Characteristics of low-density lipoprotein subfractions from patients with coronary artery disease

Jaakkola, Olli; Solakivi, Tiina; Tertov, V.V.; Orekhov, Alexander N.; Miettinen, Tatu A.; Nikkari, T.

doi:10.1097/00019501-199304000-00010

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…In addition, as described above, smaller LDL particles may also have decreased receptor mediated uptake and increased proteoglycan binding (127)(128)(129).…”

Section: Potential For Enhanced Atherogenicity Of Small Dense Ldlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in non-receptor mediated LDL clearance among LDL subpopulations also may contribute to variations in LDL particle distribution. Smaller LDLs bind more avidly to arterial wall proteoglycans, possibly in relation to their reduced content of sialic acid (127)(128)(129). Sialic acid, perhaps because of its exposure at the LDL surface, plays a determinant role in the in vitro association of LDL with the polyanionic proteoglycans (128).…”

Section: Other Metabolic Influences On Ldl Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity

Berneis

Krauss

2002

Journal of Lipid Research

778

633

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LDLs in humans comprise multiple distinct subspecies that differ in their metabolic behavior and pathologic roles. Metabolic turnover studies suggest that this heterogeneity results from multiple pathways, including catabolism of different VLDL and IDL precursors, metabolic remodeling, and direct production. A common lipoprotein profile designated atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype is characterized by a predominance of small dense LDL particles. Multiple features of this phenotype, including increased levels of triglyceride rich lipoprotein remnants and IDLs, reduced levels of HDL and an association with insulin resistance, contribute to increased risk for coronary heart disease compared with individuals with a predominance of larger LDL. Increased atherogenic potential of small dense LDL is suggested by greater propensity for transport into the subendothelial space, increased binding to arterial proteoglycans, and susceptibility to oxidative modification. Large LDL particles also can be associated with increased coronary disease risk, particularly in the setting of normal or low triglyceride levels. Like small LDL, large LDL exhibits reduced LDL receptor affinity compared with intermediate sized LDL. Future delineation of the determinants of heterogeneity of LDL and other apoB-containing lipoproteins may contribute to improved identification and management of patients at high risk for atherosclerotic disease. -Berneis, K. K., and R. M. Krauss. Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity.

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“…In addition, as described above, smaller LDL particles may also have decreased receptor mediated uptake and increased proteoglycan binding (127)(128)(129).…”

Section: Potential For Enhanced Atherogenicity Of Small Dense Ldlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Metabolic Influences On Ldl Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity

Berneis

Krauss

2002

Journal of Lipid Research

778

633

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“…[12,13,23,32] We have found previously that LDL atherogenicity in CAD patients and diabetic patients correlates negatively with sialic acid levels. [13] Indeed, in vitro studies have shown that desialylated LDL treated with neuraminidase, which removes the sialic acid residues, results in a significant increase in LDL potency to induce lipid accumulation in cultured monocyte-macrophages or intimal cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The so-called desialylated LDL is characterized by several alterations to its chemical composition and physical properties, low sialic acid level being only one attribute of a wider scope of changes including the density, size, and electric charge of particles. [12,18,23] Desialylated LDL showed higher mobility on agarose gel electrophoresis, thereby indicating that this LDL fraction has an elevated surface net charge, i.e. is a more electronegative LDL particle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] In terms of the ability to induce intracellular deposition of lipids, the desialylated LDL fraction is atherogenic. [12,23,32] Several studies have reported an elevation of sialic acid serum levels in CHD patients, and also on its correlation with the severity of the coronary lesions. [33] Diabetic patients' LDL, by the first approach, appeared to have a decreased level of sialic acid, and further investigations have shown that this was due to an increased proportion of desialylated LDL fraction in patients' blood and a greater extent of its desialylation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small dense and desialylated low density lipoprotein in diabetic patients

Sobenin¹,

Galitsyna²,

Grechko³

et al. 2017

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How to cite this article: Sobenin IA, Galitsyna EV, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Small dense and desialylated low density lipoprotein in diabetic patients. Vessel Plus 2017;1:29-37.Aim: This study was undertaken to investigate the physicochemical properties of modified low density lipoprotein (LDL) in diabetes. Methods: LDL from 10 type 1 and 10 type 2 diabetic patients, as well as LDL from 10 non-diabetic subjects, was subdivided into bound and nonbound fractions by affinity chromatography on Ricinus communis agglutinin-agarose, and further characterized by sialic acid content, hydrated density, electrophoretic mobility, and the ability to induce cholesterol deposition in cultured cells. Results: The non-bound LDL fraction was similar to native LDL from healthy subjects, with respect to its physicochemical properties, and did not produce intracellular cholesterol accumulation. The bound LDL fraction was characterized by several alterations differentiating it from non-bound LDL, namely, significantly lowered sialic acid content (by 35-50%, compared with non-bound LDL), increased electrophoretic mobility (by 40-50%), increased hydrated density (difference in modae, 5.6-5.9 mg/mL), and smaller particle size (difference in modae, 3.8-4.9 nm). Bound LDL possessed the ability to induce a 2.1-to 2.7-fold increase in intracellular cholesterol content. Conclusion: The results showed the presence of a dense, small, more electronegative, desialylated LDL subfraction in the blood of diabetic patients, which is in vivo modified atherogenic LDL.

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Obesity and Dyslipidaemia: Importance of Body Fat Distribution

Tchernof¹,

Despr??s²

2005

Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children

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Characteristics of low-density lipoprotein subfractions from patients with coronary artery disease

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity

Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity

Small dense and desialylated low density lipoprotein in diabetic patients

Obesity and Dyslipidaemia: Importance of Body Fat Distribution

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