Characteristics of peak streamflows and extent of inundation in areas of West Virginia and southwestern Virginia affected by flooding, June 2016

Austin, Samuel H.; Watson, Kara M.; Lotspeich, R. Russell; Cauller, Stephen J.; White, Jeremy S.; Wicklein, Shaun M.

doi:10.3133/ofr20171140

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…9b). The latter applies a low-pass Butterworth filter (Butterworth, 1930) only preserving longer-period (longer than 2 d) components. The observation shows sea set-downs of ∼ 0.3-0.5 m at Charleston, Springmaid, Hatteras, and Oregon Inlet followed by surges of ∼ 0.2-0.5 m and surges of ∼ 0.5-1 m at Wrightsville and Beaufort (Fig.…”

Section: Bays and Estuariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are derived from small seeds or floating debris carried by floodwaters that adhere to smooth surfaces or lodge in tree bark to form a distinct line and also by stain lines on buildings, fences, and other structures. Therefore, HWMs are time sensitive and usually have vertical uncertainties of ±0.3 ft or equivalently ±0.09 m (Koenig, et al, 2016;Austin, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Watershedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We study the compound flooding processes that occurred in Hurricane Florence (2018), which was accompanied by heavy precipitation, using a 3D creek-to-ocean hydrodynamic model. We examine the important role played by barrier islands in the observed compound surges in the coastal watershed. Locally very high resolution is used in some watershed areas in order to resolve small features that turn out to be critical for capturing the observed high water marks locally. The wave effects are found to be significant near barrier islands and have contributed to some observed over-toppings and breaches. Results from sensitivity tests applying each of the three major forcing factors (oceanic, fluvial, and pluvial) separately are succinctly summarized in a “dominance map” that highlights significant compound effects in most of the affected coastal watersheds, estuaries, and back bays behind the barrier islands. Operational forecasts based on the current model are being set up at NOAA to help coastal resource and emergency managers with disaster planning and mitigation efforts.

show abstract

Section: Bays and Estuariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Watershedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the course of the following 24 h, total rainfall amounted to 200-250 mm, ∼25% of annual rainfall (FEMA, 2016). Peak flow was the highest on record at seven locations, and streamflow ranked in the top five for the period of record at 18 locations of U.S. Geological Survey streamflow gaging stations (Austin et al, 2018). The storm was estimated to have a 100-year return interval (Di Liberto, 2016), and caused major flooding in four counties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an attempt to more comprehensively assess what interviewees had recounted, these results were shared with Fernandez and Zegre, who used two federal reports by FEMA (2016) and the USGS (Austin et al, 2018) to understand the physical factors that led to flooding and flood inundation, including information on terrain, weather, land cover, and infrastructure. FEMA (2016) summarizes in a descriptive manner the development and occurrence of the June 23-24, 2016 storm that led to the deadly flooding and provides a forensic analysis by compiling spatiotemporal data from different government agencies that describe the hydroclimatological and geographical characteristics of Greenbrier County.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooding Hazard and Vulnerability. An Interdisciplinary Experimental Approach for the Study of the 2016 West Virginia Floods

Caretta

Fernández²,

Zégre

et al. 2021

Front. Water

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The hydrosocial (HS) and social-hydro (SH) frameworks each attempt to understand the complexity of water and society, but they have emerged from historically disparate fields with distinctly different goals as well as methodological and epistemological standpoints. This paper encapsulates the shared experiences of two human geographers and two hydrologists studying hazard and vulnerability in two communities impacted by extreme flooding in West Virginia in 2016. We add to the limited examples of scientists working across epistemologies to improve the understanding of water-societal relations. In so doing, we also contribute to broader discussions of water justice. We outline an experimental approach connecting hydrosocial and social-hydro frameworks to study flood hazard and vulnerability. Within our conceptualization, we set forth that while social and hydrological factors can be presented as purely anthropogenic or geophysical, respectively, their intersection is the crux to investigate. The relationships between variables of both major categories can help us understand how the social and biophysical systems are interrelated. We depart from 21 semi structured interviews and a secondary analysis of local biophysical factors to develop a model that could show the relations between social and biophysical factors. Linking these factors is crucial step toward integration of SH and HS approaches to create a more comprehensive understanding of water-human relations. These studies can inform policymakers by highlighting where negative connections can be remedied and positive connections can be fostered to emphasize water justice.

show abstract

“…They are derived from small seeds or floating debris carried by floodwaters that adhere to smooth surfaces or lodge in tree bark to form a distinct line, and also by stain lines on buildings, fences, and other structures. Therefore, HWMs are time sensitive and usually have vertical uncertainties of ± 0.3 feet (Koenig, et al, 2016;Austin, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Watershedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

Ye¹,

Huang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We study the compound flooding processes as occurred in Hurricane Florence (2018) that was accompanied by heavy precipitation, using a 3D creek-to-ocean hydrodynamic model. We examine the important role played by barrier islands in the observed compound surges in the coastal watershed. Locally very high resolution is used in some watershed areas in order to resolve small features that turn out to be critical for capturing the observed High Water Marks locally. The wave effects are found to be significant near barrier islands and have contributed to some observed over-toppings and breaches. Sensitivity results from applying each of the three major forcing factors (oceanic, fluvial and pluvial) separately are succinctly summarized in a dominance map that highlights significant compound effects in most of the affected coastal watersheds, estuaries and back bays behind the barrier islands. Operational forecasts based on the current model are being set up at NOAA to help coastal resource and emergency managers with disaster planning and mitigation effort.

show abstract

Characteristics of peak streamflows and extent of inundation in areas of West Virginia and southwestern Virginia affected by flooding, June 2016

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

Flooding Hazard and Vulnerability. An Interdisciplinary Experimental Approach for the Study of the 2016 West Virginia Floods

A cross-scale study for compound flooding processes during Hurricane Florence

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