CHARACTERISTICS OF RUMINAL ANAEROBIC CELLULOLYTIC COCCI AND<i>CILLOBACTERIUM CELLULOSOLVENS</i>N. SP

Bryant, M. P.; Small, Nola; Bouma, Cecelia; Robinson, I. M.

doi:10.1128/jb.76.5.529-537.1958

Cited by 132 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The scaffoldin gene cluster from this strain was compared with that of strain FD-1 (Jindou et al, 2006) C94 (ATCC 19208) Isolated by M.P. Bryant in 1952 from the rumen of a mature Holstein cow maintained on a diet of a grain mixture (Bryant et al, 1958) AM915269…”

Section: Sequence Comparison Of the Sca Gene Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulosome gene cluster analysis for gauging the diversity of the ruminal cellulolytic bacteriumRuminococcus flavefaciens

Jindou

Brulc

Levy-Assaraf

et al. 2008

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Ruminococcus flavefaciens is a vital cellulosome-producing fibrolytic rumen bacterium. The arrangement of the cellulosomal scaffoldin gene cluster (scaC-scaA-scaB-cttA-scaE) is conserved in two R. flavefaciens strains (17 and FD-1). Sequence analysis revealed a high mosaic conservation of the intergenic regions in the two strains that contrasted sharply with the divergence of the structural sca gene sequences. Based on the conserved intergenic regions, we designed PCR primers in order to examine the sca gene cluster in additional R. flavefaciens strains (C94, B34b, C1a and JM1). Using these conserved and/or degenerate primers, the scaC, scaA and scaB genes were amplified in all six strains, while the entire sca gene cluster and the proximal genes cttA and scaE were successfully amplified in four of the strains (17, FD-1, C94 and JM1). The sequencing of scaA and scaC genes in all the strains yielded additional insight into the variability of the structural genes with regard to the number and type of cohesin modules contained in a conserved molecular skeleton. Moreover, the scaC gene, being short and variable, appears to be a promising functional phylotyping target for metagenomic population studies of R. flavefaciens in the rumen as a function of the individual host animal.

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Section: Sequence Comparison Of the Sca Gene Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulosome gene cluster analysis for gauging the diversity of the ruminal cellulolytic bacteriumRuminococcus flavefaciens

Jindou

Brulc

Levy-Assaraf

et al. 2008

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Out of twenty organic compounds tested, this strain fermented cellulose, cellobiose and salicin. It belongs to the family Bucteroidaceue, but is clearly distinct from Bacteroides succinugenes [8,9]. It differed from the latter in not fermenting glucose and in not producing succinic acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of this organism to efficiently digest cellulose in a synthetic medium and to utilize cellobiose as a carbon and energy source. Although several earlier workers have cultured cellulolytic anaerobes from rumen and other sources [2,7,8,9,15], the rate of…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Cellulose by a Newly Isolated Mesophilic Anaerobe, Bacteroidaceae Family

Khan

Saddler

Patel

et al. 1980

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…We demonstrate that ruminants harbor a diverse community of hydrogenogenic fermenters and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, acetogens, sulfate reducers, fumarate reducers, and denitrifiers. Secondly, we used the model system of the H 2 -producing carbohydrate fermenter Ruminococcus albus 7 and the H 2 -utilizing fumarate-reducing syntrophic partner Wolinella succinogenes DSM 1740 25,53,54,67 to gain a deeper mechanistic understanding of how and why ruminant bacteria regulate H 2 metabolism. We observed significant differences in the growth, transcriptome, and metabolite profiles of these bacteria in co-culture compared to pure culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative hydrogen uptake pathways suppress methane production in ruminants

Greening

Geier

Wang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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28Farmed ruminants are the largest source of anthropogenic methane emissions 29 globally. The methanogenic archaea responsible for these emissions use molecular 30 hydrogen (H2), produced during bacterial and eukaryotic carbohydrate fermentation, 31 as their primary energy source. In this work, we used comparative genomic, 32 metatranscriptomic, and co-culture-based approaches to gain a system-wide 33 understanding of the organisms and pathways responsible for ruminal H2 metabolism. 34 Two thirds of sequenced rumen bacterial and archaeal genomes encode enzymes 35 that catalyze H2 production or consumption, including 26 distinct hydrogenase 36 subgroups. Metatranscriptomic analysis confirmed that these hydrogenases are 37 differentially expressed in sheep rumen. Electron-bifurcating [FeFe]-hydrogenases 38 from carbohydrate-fermenting Clostridia (e.g. Ruminococcus) accounted for half of all 39 hydrogenase transcripts. Various H2 uptake pathways were also expressed, including 40 methanogenesis (Methanobrevibacter), fumarate reduction and nitrate ammonification 41 (Selenomonas), and acetogenesis (Blautia). Whereas methanogenesis predominated 42 in high methane yield sheep, alternative uptake pathways were significantly 43 upregulated in low methane yield sheep. Complementing these findings, we observed 44 significant differential expression and activity of the hydrogenases of the 45 hydrogenogenic cellulose fermenter Ruminococcus albus and the hydrogenotrophic 46 fumarate reducer Wolinella succinogenes in co-culture compared to pure culture. We 47 conclude that H2 metabolism is a more complex and widespread trait among rumen 48 microorganisms than previously recognized. There is evidence that alternative 49 hydrogenotrophs, including acetogens and selenomonads, can prosper in the rumen 50 and effectively compete with methanogens for H2 in low methane yield ruminants. 51Strategies to increase flux through alternative H2 uptake pathways, including animal 52 selection, dietary supplementation, and methanogenesis inhibitors, may lead to 53 sustained methane mitigation. 54 55 56Methane production by livestock accounts for over 5% of global greenhouse gas 57 emissions annually 1 . These emissions mostly originate from the activity of 58 methanogens within ruminants, which generate methane as an obligate end-product 59 of their energy metabolism 2 . Several lineages of methanogenic archaea are core 60 members of the microbiome of the ruminant foregut 3-5 . Of these, hydrogenotrophic 61 methanogens are dominant in terms of both methane emissions and community 62 composition 6,7 , with global surveys indicating that Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii 63 and Methanobrevibacter ruminantium comprise 74% of the rumen methanogen 64 community 5 . These organisms use molecular hydrogen (H2) to reduce carbon dioxide 65 (CO2) to methane through the Wolfe cycle of methanogenesis 8,9 . Rumen 66 methanogens have also been identified that use formate, acetate, methyl compounds, 67 and ethanol as substrates, but usually do so ...

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CHARACTERISTICS OF RUMINAL ANAEROBIC CELLULOLYTIC COCCI ANDCILLOBACTERIUM CELLULOSOLVENSN. SP

Cited by 132 publications

References 17 publications

Cellulosome gene cluster analysis for gauging the diversity of the ruminal cellulolytic bacteriumRuminococcus flavefaciens

Cellulosome gene cluster analysis for gauging the diversity of the ruminal cellulolytic bacteriumRuminococcus flavefaciens

Degradation of Cellulose by a Newly Isolated Mesophilic Anaerobe, Bacteroidaceae Family

Alternative hydrogen uptake pathways suppress methane production in ruminants

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