Characteristics of school children's personal exposure to ultrafine particles in Heshan, Pearl River Delta, China – A pilot study

Mazaheri, Mandana; Lin, Weiwei; Clifford, Samuel; Yue, Dingli; Zhai, Yueyang; Xu, Muwu; Rizza, Valeria; Morawska, Lidia

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105134

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The highest exposures were in a home near a trash burning site, in a bedroom with burning coils employed to abate mosquitos, in a home with an adult smoker, and in home kitchens during domestic cooking 64 . A similar study conducted in the Pearl River delta in China that monitored school children (aged 9-13) for 2 weeks found that the highest exposures were indoors, associated with smoking adults and the use of mosquito repellent incense 65 . These studies show that the sources of PM 0.1 are not always predictable and are not only related to vehicular traffic.…”

Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 88%

The health effects of ultrafine particles

2020

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Ultrafine particles (PM 0.1), which are present in the air in large numbers, pose a health risk. They generally enter the body through the lungs but translocate to essentially all organs. Compared to fine particles (PM 2.5), they cause more pulmonary inflammation and are retained longer in the lung. Their toxicity is increased with smaller size, larger surface area, adsorbed surface material, and the physical characteristics of the particles. Exposure to PM 0.1 induces cough and worsens asthma. Metal fume fever is a systemic disease of lung inflammation most likely caused by PM 0.1. The disease is manifested by systemic symptoms hours after exposure to metal fumes, usually through welding. PM 0.1 cause systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulation changes that predispose individuals to ischemic cardiovascular disease and hypertension. PM 0.1 are also linked to diabetes and cancer. PM 0.1 can travel up the olfactory nerves to the brain and cause cerebral and autonomic dysfunction. Moreover, in utero exposure increases the risk of low birthweight. Although exposure is commonly attributed to traffic exhaust, monitored students in Ghana showed the highest exposures in a home near a trash burning site, in a bedroom with burning coils employed to abate mosquitos, in a home of an adult smoker, and in home kitchens during domestic cooking. The high point-source production and rapid redistribution make incidental exposure common, confound general population studies and are compounded by the lack of global standards and national reporting. The potential for PM 0.1 to cause harm to health is great, but their precise role in many illnesses is still unknown and calls for more research.

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Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 88%

The health effects of ultrafine particles

2020

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“…18 Heshan has no obvious industrial sources, and the air quality is mainly influenced by local traffic emissions, biomass combustion, and long-range pollutant transport from upwind industrial districts. 19 Along with the measurements of particles, a panel study with repeated measurements of health outcomes assessed the shortterm effects of PM 2.5 on lung function in schoolchildren. Details of the study design have been described elsewhere.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage between Particulate Matter Properties and Lung Function in Schoolchildren: A Panel Study in Southern China

Yue

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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While several scientific studies have linked PM2.5 to decreased lung function, there is still some degree of uncertainty regarding which particulate physicochemical properties are most harmful. We followed a panel of 57 healthy schoolchildren (857 person-days) to investigate the associations between a wide variety of PM2.5 and lung function in Heshan, China in 2016 for three periods. We monitored the daily concentrations of mass, chemical composition, size, number, surface area, and volume of particulate mixture. Associations of lung function with various particle metrics were estimated using generalized estimating equations and unconstrained distributed lag models. Random forest model was used to compare the relative importance of exposure metrics. Immediate (lag 0) associations of PM2.5 and carbonaceous aerosols with reduced FEV1 and MMEF, and accumulation-mode particles with FEV1 were found. Slightly delayed (lag 1, 2) effects on PEF were particularly prominent for Aitken-mode particles. Possible cumulative (lags 0–2) effects of PM2.5 and carbonaceous aerosols on PEF and Aitken-mode particles on FEV1, MMEF, and PEF were observed. This study provides comprehensive evidence that the physicochemical properties of particulate mixtures are associated with reduced lung function in children. Organic carbon (OC) may be an important risk factor for the decreased lung function related to PM exposure.

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“…Since these particles are suspended in the air as aerosols, they may cause serious health problems. For instance, the UFP, whose diameter is less than 100 nm, can be easily deposited in a respiratory tract and consequently enter deep into the lungs, and thereby adversely affect the central nervous and cardiovascular systems [3][4][5]. It leads to health problems, e.g., lung diseases, heart diseases, decreased lung function, aggravated asthma, and irregular heartbeat [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Plane and Out-of-Plane MEMS Piezoresistive Cantilever Sensors for Nanoparticle Mass Detection

Setiono

Bertke

Nyang’au

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this study, we investigate the performance of two piezoresistive micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based silicon cantilever sensors for measuring target analytes (i.e., ultrafine particulate matters). We use two different types of cantilevers with geometric dimensions of 1000 × 170 × 19.5 µm3 and 300 × 100 × 4 µm3, which refer to the 1st and 2nd types of cantilevers, respectively. For the first case, the cantilever is configured to detect the fundamental in-plane bending mode and is actuated using a resistive heater. Similarly, the second type of cantilever sensor is actuated using a meandering resistive heater (bimorph) and is designed for out-of-plane operation. We have successfully employed these two cantilevers to measure and monitor the changes of mass concentration of carbon nanoparticles in air, provided by atomizing suspensions of these nanoparticles into a sealed chamber, ranging from 0 to several tens of µg/m3 and oversize distributions from ~10 nm to ~350 nm. Here, we deploy both types of cantilever sensors and operate them simultaneously with a standard laboratory system (Fast Mobility Particle Sizer, FMPS, TSI 3091) as a reference.

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Characteristics of school children's personal exposure to ultrafine particles in Heshan, Pearl River Delta, China – A pilot study

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

The health effects of ultrafine particles

The health effects of ultrafine particles

Linkage between Particulate Matter Properties and Lung Function in Schoolchildren: A Panel Study in Southern China

In-Plane and Out-of-Plane MEMS Piezoresistive Cantilever Sensors for Nanoparticle Mass Detection

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