Characteristics of the contemporary Antarctic firn layer simulated with IMAU-FDM v1.2A (1979–2020)

Veldhuijsen, Sanne; Berg, Willem Jan van de; Brils, Max; Munneke, Peter Kuipers; Broeke, Michiel van den

doi:10.5194/tc-2022-118

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To vary the reference REMA ice surface, we use time-varying ice equivalent thinning rates from 1985 to 2020 derived from a constellation of satellite missions ( 94 ), smoothed with a 5-year boxcar filter, assuming that the REMA DEM is time-stamped to 9 May 2015 ( 93 ). Ice equivalent thickness is estimated at each velocity epoch by removing a time-varying firn air content, provided by the Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht IMAU firn densification model ( 95 , 96 ), forced by RACMO2.3p2 ( 62 ). The total grounding line discharge at each ice shelf is estimated by integrating the pixel-based discharge estimate for all flux gate pixels for that ice shelf.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method to derive time series of basal melt rates from CryoSat-2 from 2010 to 2020 follows the mass conservation approach described in ( 32 ). The monthly elevation change is generated from swath-processed CryoSat-2 radar altimetry ( 60 , 61 ), the ice shelf mask and ice shelf thickness are from BedMachine Antarctica ( 79 ), the ice velocity is an ITS_LIVE composite ( 99 ), and the SMB and firn air content are from RACMO2.3p2 ( 62 ) and the IMAU firn densification model ( 95 , 96 ), respectively. For the melt time series, we consider time evolution in ice shelf extent, ice shelf thickness, SMB, and firn air content; during the CryoSat period, changes in ice divergence are negligible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual mass budget of Antarctic ice shelves from 1997 to 2021

Davison,

Hogg,

Gourmelen

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Antarctic ice shelves moderate the contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to global sea level rise; however, ice shelf health remains poorly constrained. Here, we present the annual mass budget of all Antarctic ice shelves from 1997 to 2021. Out of 162 ice shelves, 71 lost mass, 29 gained mass, and 62 did not change mass significantly. Of the shelves that lost mass, 68 had statistically significant negative mass trends, 48 lost more than 30% of their initial mass, and basal melting was the dominant contributor to that mass loss at a majority (68%). At many ice shelves, mass losses due to basal melting or iceberg calving were significantly positively correlated with grounding line discharge anomalies; however, the strength and form of this relationship varied substantially between ice shelves. Our results illustrate the utility of partitioning high-resolution ice shelf mass balance observations into its components to quantify the contributors to ice shelf mass change and the response of grounded ice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual mass budget of Antarctic ice shelves from 1997 to 2021

Davison,

Hogg,

Gourmelen

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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“…13). Ice-equivalent thickness is estimated at each velocity epoch by removing a time-varying firn air content, provided by the IMAU Firn Densification Model 98,99 , forced by RACMO2.3p2 54 (Supplementary Fig. 14).…”

Section: Grounding Line Discharge and Ice Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea level rise from West Antarctic mass loss significantly modified by large snowfall anomalies

et al. 2023

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Mass loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is dominated by glaciers draining into the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE), yet the impact of anomalous precipitation on the mass balance of the ASE is poorly known. Here we present a 25-year (1996–2021) record of ASE input-output mass balance and evaluate how two periods of anomalous precipitation affected its sea level contribution. Since 1996, the ASE has lost 3331 ± 424 Gt ice, contributing 9.2 ± 1.2 mm to global sea level. Overall, surface mass balance anomalies contributed little (7.7%) to total mass loss; however, two anomalous precipitation events had larger, albeit short-lived, impacts on rates of mass change. During 2009–2013, persistently low snowfall led to an additional 51 ± 4 Gt yr−1 mass loss in those years (contributing positively to the total loss of 195 ± 4 Gt yr−1). Contrastingly, extreme precipitation in the winters of 2019 and 2020 decreased mass loss by 60 ± 16 Gt yr−1 during those years (contributing negatively to the total loss of 107 ± 15 Gt yr−1). These results emphasise the important impact of extreme snowfall variability on the short-term sea level contribution from West Antarctica.

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“…( 2)). Estimates of firn air content are obtained from the 27 km resolution IMAU-FDM v1.2A (Veldhuijsen et al, 2022) on a 10-daily basis. The IMAU-FDM is forced with climate data from RACMO which is why they share the same resolution.…”

Section: Firn Air Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

REMA reveals spatial variability within the Dotson Melt Channel

Zinck

Wouters

Lambert

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The intrusion of warm circumpolar deep water causes ice shelves in the Amundsen and Bellinghausen Sea Embayments of Antarctica to melt from below, thereby potentially putting their stability at risk. Earlier studies have shown how digital elevation models can be used to obtain high-resolution ice shelf basal melt rates. However, there has been limited availability of high-resolution elevation data, a gap the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) has filled. In this study we use a novel combination of REMA and CryoSat-2 elevation data to obtain high-resolution basal melt rates of the Dotson Ice Shelf in a Lagrangian framework, at a 50 m spatial resolution on a 3-yearly temporal resolution. We present a novel Basal melt rates Using REMA and Google Earth Engine (BURGEE) method, which high resolution is supported through a sensitivity study assuming that the quality of the Lagrangian displacement is the main error source. The high-resolution basal melt rates show a good agreement with an earlier 500-m resolution basal melt product based on CryoSat-2, with a wide melt channel extending from the grounding line to the ice shelf front. Our high-resolution product indicates that the pathway and spatial variability of the main channel is influenced by a pinning point on the ice shelf. Additionally, it reveals a narrower coastal channel running along the western margin, which was not identified in the lower-resolution melt product, but does show up in a recent ocean modeling study. This emphasizes the importance of high-resolution basal melt rates to expand our understanding of channel formation and melt patterns. BURGEE can be expanded to a Pan-Antarctic study of high-resolution basal melt rates. This will provide a better picture of the (in)stability of Antarctic ice shelves.

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Characteristics of the contemporary Antarctic firn layer simulated with IMAU-FDM v1.2A (1979–2020)

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Annual mass budget of Antarctic ice shelves from 1997 to 2021

Annual mass budget of Antarctic ice shelves from 1997 to 2021

Sea level rise from West Antarctic mass loss significantly modified by large snowfall anomalies

REMA reveals spatial variability within the Dotson Melt Channel

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