Characteristics of the slags produced in the fusion of scrap steel by electric arc furnace

Steel furnace slag aggregate expansion and hardened concrete properties

“…Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy has been a technique that has been routinely applied for quantitative elemental analysis of SFS [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. In this study inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was conducted, using a PerkinElmer Optima 2000DV ICP-OES.…”

“…The free CaO is typically higher in BOF than in EAF slags, and it can be in high enough amounts to be identified by XRD as CaO and/or calcite if the free CaO has been carbonated. In addition to wüstite, magnetite is another iron oxide phase that has been found in EAF slags [24,25,[52][53][54][55][56]. Magnesioferrite is not a commonly-identified phase in SFS, but it has been identified in both BOF [35] and EAF [24,25] slags.…”

“…In addition to wüstite, magnetite is another iron oxide phase that has been found in EAF slags [24,25,[52][53][54][55][56]. Magnesioferrite is not a commonly-identified phase in SFS, but it has been identified in both BOF [35] and EAF [24,25] slags. Bredigite and mayenite are also phases that have only been found to occur in EAF slags [22,24,25,52,53,[55][56][57][58], while srebrodolskite is primarily only found in BOF slags [31,34,35,38,43,51,[58][59][60][61].…”

“…Magnesioferrite is not a commonly-identified phase in SFS, but it has been identified in both BOF [35] and EAF [24,25] slags. Bredigite and mayenite are also phases that have only been found to occur in EAF slags [22,24,25,52,53,[55][56][57][58], while srebrodolskite is primarily only found in BOF slags [31,34,35,38,43,51,[58][59][60][61]. The natural coarse and fine aggregates were also characterized by XRD, which indicated that the coarse aggregate was dolomite and the fine aggregate consisted of quartz and dolomite.…”

Performance of steel-making slag concrete reinforced with fibers

“…So, an outdoor weathering and some additional cautions are necessary to prevent the occurrence of any expansive phenomena [2][3][4][5][6]. In the last decades, important works on EAFS [7][8][9][10] and LFS characterization [11][12][13] have been published; it has been demonstrated the suitability of both slags in different applications, such as bituminous mixtures [14][15][16][17][18], concrete and mortars [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], selfcompacting concrete [35][36][37], making clinker [38], soil stabilization [39][40][41] and others [42,43]. Despite these recycling possibilities, in Spain, approximately 23% of the electric slag is accumulated in landfill sites.…”