Characteristics of Tuberculosis among Children and Adolescents at a Referral TB’s Hospital, 2006 - 2011

Bolursaz, Mohammad Reza; Lotfian, Ferial; Agha‐Hosseini, Farzaneh; Hassanzad, Maryam; Ghafaripoor, Hosseinali; Khalilzadeh, Soheila; Baghaie, Noshin; Velayati, A A

doi:10.17795/compreped-40150

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the general population, males are well known to have a higher risk of getting TB than females (Holmes et al, 1998; Borgdorff et al, 2000; Rhines, 2013). The opposite was true in our adolescent population, which was consistent with previous studies (Weber et al, 2000; Bolursaz et al, 2016; Phongsamart et al, 2009). On one hand, this may be explained by difference between lifestyles of the two genders in these two age groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Adolescent tuberculosis associated with tuberculosis exposure in classrooms and dorm rooms in Guangxi, China

Pan

Lan

Graviss

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Objective: Quantify tuberculosis (TB) risk attributable to dorm room exposure in addition to classroom exposure. Methods: Adolescent school contact investigations were conducted for every reported index TB case, and similar contact investigations were conducted in selected community-control classes from November 2016 to October 2017 in Guangxi, China. Results: A total of 6263 contacts of 112 index TB cases and 6130 classmates of 112 controls were investigated. There were 14, 12, and 2 new active TB cases detected among classmates/non-roommates of index cases, classmates/roommates of index cases, and control classmates, respectively. Compared with control contacts, the adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval (CI)) and population attributable fraction (PAF) for being a classmate/non-roommate of the index case increased the risk of active TB diagnosis to 8.44 (95% CI: 1.31–54.48) and 44.1%. The adjusted RR and PAF for being a classmate/ roommate of the index case was 29.37 (95% CI: 3.80, 227.11) and 41.4%. Being classmates/roommates significantly increased the risk of TB compared to a classmate/non-roommate of the index case (RR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.64, 7.40). Conclusion: The additional risk of TB due to exposure in the dorm room should be taken into account in planning of TB prevention and control in boarding schools.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Adolescent tuberculosis associated with tuberculosis exposure in classrooms and dorm rooms in Guangxi, China

Pan

Lan

Graviss

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…74.5% (41/55) of the strains harbored a mutation in codon S531L similar to other studies from Delhi (59–72%) [ 6 , 13 ]. Among 67 INH resistant strains, all except one had a mutation at codon 315 corresponding to high level resistance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A recent study from Iran has similar findings and showed that prevalence of TB increased by increasing age and the population of female patients also rose [ 12 ]. Similar findings of another study showed that the smear positive pediatric TB was found more often in adolescent girls than boys of the same age [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Drug resistance detection and mutation patterns of multidrug resistant tuberculosis strains from children in Delhi

Arora

Singhal

Bhalla

et al. 2017

JEGH

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A total of 312 sputum samples from pediatric patients presumptive of multidrug resistant tuberculosis were tested for the detection of drug resistance using the GenoTypeMTBDRplus assay. A total of 193 (61.8%) patients were smear positive and 119 (38.1%) were smear negative by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Line probe assay (LPA) was performed for 208 samples/cultures (193 smear positive samples and 15 cultures from smear negative samples). Valid results were obtained from 198 tests. Of these, 125/198 (63.1%) were sensitive to both rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). 73/198 (36.9%) were resistant to at least INH/RIF, out of which 49 (24.7%) were resistant to both INH and RIF (multidrug resistant). Children with tuberculosis are often infected by someone close to them, so strengthening of contact tracing in the program may help in early diagnosis to identify additional cases within the household. There is a need to evaluate newer diagnostic assays which have a high sensitivity in the case of smear negative samples, additional samples other than sputum among young children not able to expectorate, and also to fill the gap between estimated and reported cases under the program.

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“…83% of them had pure pulmonary TB. 17 In the present study, from the total number of pediatric patients, the predominant age group was 13-18 years, with 83 cases (58%). While the number of cases in the age group of less than 7 and 7-12 was 37 and 22 cases, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

The pattern of pediatric tuberculosis and treatment outcomes from 2012 to 2016 in Erbil City, Iraq

Mawlood

2020

Zanco J. Med. Sci.

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Background and objective: M. tuberculosis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries and is considered a priority global health problem. Although it is a curable disease, every year about nine million people develop active disease, and two million die from it. This study aimed to find the pattern of tuberculosis among children in Erbil city and determine the treatment outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis. Methods: From March 2012 to March 2016, 142 patients younger than 18 years with confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis were registered and treated at the Chest and Respiratory Disease Centre in Erbil. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was performed based on routine tests at the center. AFB smear staining, GeneXpert assay, and culture methods when required for further confirmations using L-J media. Results: The total number of the studied records of tuberculosis was 729 during five years (2012-2016). More than half (55.6%) of patients aged ≤ 18 years were males. It is evident that the number of cases is increasing with the progress of years, but the difference was not significant between the years (P = 0.534). The death rate was 9.1% among patients of the whole sample, but no significant association was detected between age and outcome and was highest (22.7%) among patients aged 7-12 years (P = 0.142). Conclusion: Tuberculosis is still a very severe disease with high mortality rates in children. Early recognition of infection associated with correct early treatment, systematic entourage investigation, and chemoprophylaxis by isoniazide in all children under five years of age is essential for attempting to reduce these prognostic indices.

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Characteristics of Tuberculosis among Children and Adolescents at a Referral TB’s Hospital, 2006 - 2011

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Adolescent tuberculosis associated with tuberculosis exposure in classrooms and dorm rooms in Guangxi, China

Adolescent tuberculosis associated with tuberculosis exposure in classrooms and dorm rooms in Guangxi, China

Drug resistance detection and mutation patterns of multidrug resistant tuberculosis strains from children in Delhi

The pattern of pediatric tuberculosis and treatment outcomes from 2012 to 2016 in Erbil City, Iraq

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