Characteristics of Urban Heat Island in Enugu During Rainy Season

Enete, IC; Alabi, MO

doi:10.4314/ejesm.v5i4.8

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The correlation analysis showed a strong coefficient of determination (r 2 ) of 0.8266 (Figure 4), as a strong linear relationship exists between +0.5 and +1.0 at 95% level of confidence, which indicates a strong relationship between the LULC classes and their associated LST values for 1986 ( Figure 4). This result is in line with the findings [19] [20] [21] [22] who revealed that land use and cover greatly affects the land surface temperature of a locality.…”

Section: Correlation Analyses Between Lulc and Lst For 1986supporting

confidence: 92%

A Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Land Use and Land Cover/Land Surface Temperature in Abuja Municipal, FCT, Nigeria

Awuh¹,

Japhets²,

Officha³

et al. 2019

JGIS

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This study adopted Remote Sensing and GIS in assessing Land Use and Land Cover (LULC)/Land Surface Temperature (LST) variation in Abuja Municipal, FCT from 1986 to 2016. The thirty-year study period was chosen with the specific objective to determine the relationship between LULC and LST using a correlation analysis. Three Landsat TM/ETM+ images of the study area (1986, 2001 and 2016) were used to carry out the study. LULC was found to increase by 246.96 km 2 (86.4%) in areal extent of built-up between 1986 and 2016; the spatial extent of the LST was found to increase on average from 23.5˚C to 30.2˚C. The correlation analysis showed a strong coefficient of determination (r 2). The correlation analyses proved that the LULC classes were strongly related to LST. A strong correlation between the LULC classes and LST was observed at 0.8266, 0.9486, and 0.77 for 1986, 2001, and 2016. The coefficient of determination (r 2) for 2016 was 0.77, being a strong indicator that a strong relationship existed implying that built-up areas were major drivers of the variation in the LST in Abuja Municipal. To promote thermal comfort in Abuja Municipal, urban planning, and control of building patterns tree-planting exercises are some of the recommendations made.

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Section: Correlation Analyses Between Lulc and Lst For 1986supporting

confidence: 92%

A Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Land Use and Land Cover/Land Surface Temperature in Abuja Municipal, FCT, Nigeria

Awuh¹,

Japhets²,

Officha³

et al. 2019

JGIS

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“…This result was further made clearer by the regression model which reveals that a unit increase in years results in 1.189 mm increase in rainfall. This is an indication that some degree of global warming is at work since increase in temperature creates Urban Heat Islands (UHI) which usually results in convectional (thermal) rainfall the type that characterizes the urban area [17]. Convectional rainfall is usually spotty with high intensity and this makes it to generate violent floods on the city's impervious surfaces which apart from destroying life and properly creates gully erosion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Urban Water Supply through Rainwater Collection in Enugu Town, Nigeria

Ezenwaji¹,

Nzoiwu²,

Eduputa³

2016

GEP

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The aim of the study was to assess the contributions of rainwater to water supply of Enugu metropolitan area. To achieve this aim 42 years rainfall data (1971-2012) were collected from Enugu airport as well as the catchment area of house roofs in the town from the Ministries of Urban Development and Housing. Meteorological data (Rainfall) obtained were tested for normality, while ANOVA technique tested rainfall variance among four decades (70's, 80's, 90's and 20's) of the study. Trend and Regression analyses were utilized for the long range data. Finally, augmented Dickey-Fuller test (stationarity test) revealed whether the independent variable explained the dependent. Result shows that rainfall data were normally distributed and not significantly different in the four decades studied. The trend shows a general increase in rainfall amount over 42 years while the regression model indicated that for every one year, rainfall amount increases by 1.19 mm with a base constant of 113.2 mm. The amount of water realized from rainfall in the city for 2015, 2016 and 2017 based on catchment area of 102,500,000 m 2 is 37,578,000, 37,742,000 and 37,967,000,315 litres per annum, representing about 3% of total water supply in the town equivalent to commercial water demand. Recommendations include revision of the existing water policy to include mandating residents and shop owners to install catchment gutters to collect rain water from their roofs, promotion of a programme of rainwater harvesting against certain barriers with respect to socio-cultural beliefs and attitudes etc.

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“…The rainy season commences in April and ends in October, followed by the dry season. The annual rainfall ranges between 937.2 mm to 2243.3 mm while the temperature ranges between 20.3°C to 32.16°C [ 22 , 23 ]. The 2006 census put the population of Enugu at 722, 664 [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiality, seasonality and ecological risks of heavy metals in the vicinity of a degenerate municipal central dumpsite in Enugu, Nigeria

Ajah

Ademiluyi

Nnaji

2015

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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BackgroundImproper waste disposal is responsible for the contamination of both surface and ground water resources. Heavy metals leached from improperly disposed solid waste constitute grave environmental and health hazards because of their toxic and persistent nature. There are thousands of open dumps in Nigeria one of which is the Enugu State Waste Management Authority dumpsite.MethodForty sampling nodes were systematically established around the Enugu State waste Management Authority central dumpsite located at Ugwuaji, Enugu State, Nigeria. Ten heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, nickel and zinc) were sampled at different depths of each node in both rainy and dry seasons.ResultIron and lead were the predominant metals in the vicinity of the waste dump with average values of 132.10 mg/kg and 117.52 mg/kg respectively. The order of abundance of the ten heavy metals monitored is Pb > Fe > As > Zn > Cu > Co > Ni > Cd > Cr > Mn. Generally, there was significant correlation (0.25 to 0.74) among all the metals except between cobalt and manganese in the rainy season. In the dry season, all the metals were significantly correlated (0.29 to 0.813) except for copper and lead, copper and arsenic, zinc and arsenic, and cobalt and manganese. The concentrations of most of the heavy metals approached a constant level at a depth of 1 m. On the other hand, the concentrations of arsenic, cobalt and iron continued to decrease even at a depth of 2 m. The pollution loading index values for the soil are 1.706 for rainy season and 2.54 for dry season.ConclusionThe high pollution loading index represents a significant level of deterioration. It can be concluded that the dumpsite constitute a serious environmental and health hazard.

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Characteristics of Urban Heat Island in Enugu During Rainy Season

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

A Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Land Use and Land Cover/Land Surface Temperature in Abuja Municipal, FCT, Nigeria

A Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Land Use and Land Cover/Land Surface Temperature in Abuja Municipal, FCT, Nigeria

Enhancing Urban Water Supply through Rainwater Collection in Enugu Town, Nigeria

Spatiality, seasonality and ecological risks of heavy metals in the vicinity of a degenerate municipal central dumpsite in Enugu, Nigeria

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