Characteristics of Wafer Originated from Coffee Waste as Ruminant Animal Feed

Abstract

Coffee waste is a by-product from processing coffee beans which has the potential to be used as a reinforcing feed material (concentrate) for ruminants. The waste of coffee fruit is physically quite large in composition, that is 48% of the pulp and the rest is waste. The disadvantages of this coffee waste to be used as feed are its high fiber content (21%), caffeine and tannin and its voluminous physical form. But all this can be overcome by fermentation using Aspergius Niger so as to increase its nutritional value. This research was carried out by making a feed composition including: P0 = 0% coffee husk waste (control) and 98.75% rice bran, P1 = 30% coffee husk waste and 68.75% rice bran, P2 = 60% coffee husk waste and 38.75 rice bran and P3 = 90% coffee husk waste and 8.75% rice bran. The variables observed were the physical characteristics of the feed wafer including: aroma, color and density and palability. Data was collected and analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan Range Test. The results showed the use of coffee husk waste should be used at a level of 30%, because it has a high palability value and low density and crumbs so it is easier for ruminant animals to consume.

Provision of Fermented Coffee Skins as Additional Feed For The Growth of Goats

“…It can be used as an alternative feed ingredient up to 30% in Murrah buffalo concentrate. Coffee skin waste should be used at a level of 30% because it has a high palability value and low density and crumbs, making it easier for ruminants to consume it [17]. Research by Ref.…”

“…[15] supplementation of energy and protein sources in the basal diet of corn tumpi and coffee husks gave rams an easy weight gain of 90 g/day. Giving additional feed in the form of fermented coffee husks plus rice bran, whether added with cassava or not, can increase the birth weight of Bali's calves by 17.70-18 kg [18] (Efendi and Sugandi, 2013). From research [19], administration of fermented coffee skin using Aspergillus niger in broiler feed can significantly increase ration consumption and gain weight.…”

Substitution of fermented coffee skin in commercial feed on the growth of pigs aged 1-3 months

“…Feeding fermented coffee skin, okara, and beef bones significantly affects broiler chicken feed consumption, daily body weight gain, and feed conversion [21]. From the research of [22] and [23] supplementation of energy and protein sources in the basal feed of corn tempi and coffee husks gave weight gain of easy rams 90 g/head/day. According to [24], coffee husk waste fermented with local microorganisms positively affects feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion.…”