Characteristics of water quality of municipal wastewater treatment plants in China: implications for resources utilization and management

Abstract

Influent and effluent quality of municipal wastewater treatment plants play significant roles in selecting the appropriate treatment technologies and influencing the ecology of receiving water bodies. The quality of reclaimed water sources for water reuse can also be determined based on the influent wastewater and treated effluent information. Comprehensive analyses based on statistical data collected from 3340 Chinese municipal wastewater treatment plants were performed so as to better understand the effects of influent and effluent wastewater quality on the treatment performance, environmental concerns and resources utilization. Provincial characteristics of wastewater quality both in quantity and quality were identified, providing valuable information for the proposal of targeted management strategies in pollution control, water reuse and resources recovery. The influents of municipal wastewater treatment plants in north China had high wastewater pollutant loadings, but the effluent was of high quality due to the wide implementation of water reuse strategies in northern water scarcity regions. The potentials for organic and nutrient recovery from the influents were brought forward based on the mass balance. The importance of wastewater as a resource, and the adoption of advanced treatment and resources utilization in the long-term should be highlighted for sustainable water management.

Spatio-Temporal Variation and Controlling Factors of Water Quality in Yongding River Replenished by Reclaimed Water in Beijing, North China

“…Na + +K + vs. Cl − (Figure 10c) of most waters were located below the equilibrium line, indicating that sodium and potassium ions were also affected by dissolution of salt rocks [45]. The HCO 3 − vs.…”

“…Beijing, the capital of China, has been confronted with severe water scarcity for the last 30 years. The annual average rainfall of Beijing is 584.7 mm, which is mainly concentrated from June to September [3]. The city's total water consumption was 3.82 billion m 3 in 2015, while the surface water resources were 932 million m 3 , and the gap was filled by excess use of groundwater [2].…”

“…The annual average rainfall of Beijing is 584.7 mm, which is mainly concentrated from June to September [3]. The city's total water consumption was 3.82 billion m 3 in 2015, while the surface water resources were 932 million m 3 , and the gap was filled by excess use of groundwater [2]. Although the south-to-north Water Diversion (1 billion m 3 /year) largely alleviated water scarcity, water demand was not fully met.…”

Domestic Wastewater in Indonesia: Challenge in the Future Related to Nitrogen Content

“…The other minority substances such as metal, toxic material, detergent, and bacteria (12,24,(26)(27)(28)(29). Huang (22) has investigated the characteristic of organic matters in domestic wastewater showed that fiber (20,64%) was the largest group of organic matters and followed by proteins (12,38%) and sugar (10,65%) were next largest.…”

A One‐Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model for a Water Transfer Project with Multihydraulic Structures

“…Water resource is an important natural source for supporting and maintaining human health and social sustainable development [1]. Population growth, urban expansion, industrialization, consumption pattern, and energy structure changes result in the increased demand for freshwater resources [2].…”