Characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A strains isolated from patients and asymptomatic carriers

Stephan, Roger; Joutsen, Suvi; Hofer, E; Säde, Elina; Björkroth, Johanna; Ziegler, Dominik; Fredriksson-Ahomaa, Maria

doi:10.1007/s10096-013-1820-1

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Since most BT1A strains do not possess the typical virulence plasmid pYV, lack the chromosomal virulence genes such as the ail- gene and are often isolated from the environment [3;22], BT1A has been regarded as non-pathogenic. However, the increasing isolation of this biotype from clinical cases draws more attention to BT1A [3;22]. Although rare, the presence of the ail- gene has previously been demonstrated in BT1A isolates [20;27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

et al. 2017

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Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) have been identified as potential carriers of Yersinia enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis, the etiological agents of yersiniosis, the third most reported bacterial zoonosis in Europe. Enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. are most often isolated from rats during yersiniosis cases in animals and humans, and from rats inhabiting farms and slaughterhouses. Information is however lacking regarding the extent to which rats act as carriers of these Yersinia spp.. In 2013, 1088 brown rats across Flanders, Belgium, were tested for the presence of Yersinia species by isolation method. Identification was performed using MALDI-TOF MS, PCR on chromosomal- and plasmid-borne virulence genes, biotyping and serotyping. Yersinia spp. were isolated from 38.4% of the rats. Of these, 53.4% were designated Y. enterocolitica, 0.7% Y. pseudotuberculosis and 49.0% other Yersinia species. Two Y. enterocolitica possessing the virF-, ail- and ystA-gene were isolated. Additionally, the ystB-gene was identified in 94.1% of the other Y. enterocolitica isolates, suggestive for biotype 1A. Three of these latter isolates simultaneously possessed the ail-virulence gene. Significantly more Y. enterocolitica were isolated during winter and spring compared to summer. Based on our findings we can conclude that brown rats are frequent carriers for various Yersinia spp., including Y. pseudotuberculosis and (human pathogenic) Y. enterocolitica which are more often isolated during winter and spring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, potential loss of gene function, related to horizontal gene transfer cannot be ruled out [20]. The high genotypic diversity of BT1A makes the classification in clinical and non-clinical isolates more problematic since other, yet unknown, virulence factors could be contributing to the observed virulence in some strains [3;22;31]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

et al. 2017

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“…Y. enterocolitica species have six biotypes (BTs), of which five (BTs 1B, 2, 3, 4, and 5) contain pathogenic strains, characterized by the presence of the 70-kb virulence plasmid, termed pYV (3,4). Because strains of BT 1A lack pYV, they have been regarded as avirulent in the past, although patients with diarrhea and outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections due to BT 1A yersiniae have been reported (5)(6)(7)(8). The virulence plasmid pYV carries genes encoding adhesin A (YadA), Yersinia outer membrane proteins (Yops) from the type III secretion system, and the transcriptional regulator gene (virF) (4).…”

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Yersinia enterocolitica Isolates from Wild Boars Hunted in Lower Saxony, Germany

Altrock

Seinige

Kehrenberg

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Yersiniosis is strongly associated with the consumption of pork contaminated with enteropathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, which is harbored by domestic pigs without showing clinical signs of disease. In contrast to data on Y. enterocolitica isolated from conventionally reared swine, investigations into the occurrence of Y. enterocolitica in wild boars in Germany are rare. The objectives of the study were to get knowledge about these bacteria and their occurrence in wild boars hunted in northern Germany by isolation of the bacteria from the tonsils, identification of the bioserotypes, determination of selected virulence factors, macrorestriction analysis, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and testing of antimicrobial susceptibility. Altogether, tonsils from 17.1% of 111 tested wild boars were positive for Y. enterocolitica by culture methods. All but two isolates belonged to biotype (BT) 1A, with the majority of isolates bearing a ystB nucleotide sequence which was revealed to have 85% identity to internal regions of Y. enterocolitica heat-stable enterotoxin type B genes. The remaining Y. enterocolitica isolates were identified to be BT 1B and did not carry the virulence plasmid. However, two BT 1A isolates carried the ail gene. Macrorestriction analysis and results from MLST showed a high degree of genetic diversity of the isolates, although the region where the samples were taken was restricted to Lower Saxony, Germany, and wild boars were shot during one hunting season. In conclusion, most Y. enterocolitica isolates from wild boars investigated in this study belonged to biotype 1A. Enteropathogenic Y. enterocolitica bioserotypes 4/O:3 and 2/O:9, usually harbored by commercially raised pigs in Europe, could not be identified.

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“…However, there is controversy regarding the pathogenicity of Y. enterocolitica 1A [15] and considering that it was only found in two siblings and no other students, this could not explain the outbreak and was hence considered to be an incidental finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a food-borne outbreak of gastroenteritis in a school canteen revealed a variant of sapovirus genogroup V not detected by standard PCR, Sollentuna, Sweden, 2016

et al. 2017

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A food-borne outbreak of gastroenteritis with more than 650 suspected cases occurred in April 2016 in Sollentuna, Sweden. It originated in a school kitchen serving a total of 2,700 meals daily. Initial microbiological testing (for Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba histolytica, adeno-, astro-, noro-, rota- and sapovirus) of stool samples from 15 symptomatic cases was negative, despite a clinical presentation suggestive of calicivirus. Analyses of the findings from both the Sollentuna municipality environmental team and a web-based questionnaire suggested that the source of the outbreak was the salad buffet served on 20 April, although no specific food item could be identified. Subsequent electron microscopic examination of stool samples followed by whole genome sequencing revealed a variant of sapovirus genogroup V. The virus was not detected using standard PCR screening. This paper describes the epidemiological outbreak investigation and findings leading to the discovery.

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Characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A strains isolated from patients and asymptomatic carriers

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

Yersinia enterocolitica Isolates from Wild Boars Hunted in Lower Saxony, Germany

Investigation of a food-borne outbreak of gastroenteritis in a school canteen revealed a variant of sapovirus genogroup V not detected by standard PCR, Sollentuna, Sweden, 2016

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