Characterization and bioactivity of phycocyanin isolated from Spirulina maxima grown under salt stress

Abstract

In this study, Spirulina maxima (SM) has been selected following preliminary investigations, for cultivation in either normal (0.02 M) or stress (0.1 M) NaCl medium (Zarrouk) under room conditions to evaluate the possibility of increasing the total phycobiliprotein content (TPC) and their chemical constituents: C-phycocyanin (C-PC), allophycocyanin (APC) and phycoerthrin (PE). TPC material was separated, purified and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis and IR spectra). The antioxidant activity against free radicals of DPPH, ABTS, superoxide (˙(-)O(2)), hydroxy (˙OH) and reducing power potential were determined. Results indicated a highly significant correlation between increased TPC content in SM cells and the increasing concentration of NaCl in medium, and its chemical constituents were significantly different (P > 0.05). TPC of SM (grown in stress NaCl) containing high amounts of C-PC groups, showed strong antioxidant activity compared with ascorbic acid (standard antioxidant). Although, it activity against different free radicals were found to be variable and dose-dependent. Moreover, the TPC showed lower antimicrobial activity (MIC values in the range of 250-300 μg mL(-1)) than that of chloramphinicol (30 μg mL(-1), reference antimicrobial). Therefore, Spirulina maxima could be cultivated in a salinated open pond, and considered as highly healthy foods and source of natural pigments.

Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Parameters on the Biological Activities and Metabolites Present in Extracts from Arthrospira platensis

“…Furthermore, the activity against Gram-negative bacteria observed in extracts from A. platensis shows an interesting application for SFE extracts from cyanobacteria as a source of antimicrobials. Certainly in the last few years, the antimicrobial activities of organic solvents extracts from several cyanobacteria like Nostoc [47] Synechocystis [48], S. maxima [49] and M. aeruginosa [50] have been shown to be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These reports are consistent with our results since A. platensis extracts prepared with different solvents had similar effects on both types of microorganisms.…”

The Production of High Purity Phycocyanin by Spirulina platensis Using Light-Emitting Diodes Based Two-Stage Cultivation

“…The data were measured at the biomass concentration of 1 g L −1 dry weight, except for X max during the culture period Appl Biochem Biotechnol ' under batch culture. Since PC serves as alternative nitrogen storage compound in cyanobacteria, the PC content in S. platensis is rapidly decreased when nitrogen deficiency occurs in the growth medium [24,29]. However, the slow growth of S. platensis under blue light is beneficial to PC production.…”

Effect of Spirulina platensis Biomass with High Polysaccharides Content on Quality Attributes of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Common Barbel (Barbus barbus) Fish Burgers

“…This cyanobacterium contains a very potent naturally occurring antioxidant and free radical scavenging agents such as pigments (phycocyanin and Beta-carotene) [10] and polysaccharides [11], that are well-known products to protect against various diseases, such as renal failure [12], hypertension [13] and cancers [11,14]. Besides their antioxidant effects, pigments and polysaccharides of Spirulina platensis have been found to show antibacterial and antiviral activities [15,16].…”