Characterization and Biotechnological Potential Analysis of a New Exopolysaccharide from the Arctic Marine Bacterium Polaribacter sp. SM1127

Abstract

Although many kinds of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from microorganisms have been used in industry, the exploration and utilization of EPSs from polar microorganisms is still rather rare. In this study, a flavobacterial strain, SM1127, from the Arctic brown alga Laminaria, was screened for its high EPS production (2.11 g/l) and was identified as belonging to the genus Polaribacter. The EPS secreted by strain SM1127 has a molecular mass of 220 kDa, and it mainly comprises N-acetyl glucosamine, mannose and glucuronic acid residues bound by heterogeneous linkages. Rheological studies on the aqueous EPS showed that it had a high viscosity and good shear-thinning property. Moreover, the EPS showed a high tolerance to high salinity and a wide pH range. The EPS also had good antioxidant activity. Particularly, its moisture-retention ability was superior to that of any other reported EPS or functional ingredient generally used in cosmetics. The EPS also showed a protective effect on human dermal fibroblasts at low temperature (4 °C). Safety assessment indicated that the EPS is safe for oral administration and external use. These results indicate the promising potential of the EPS from strain SM1127 in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

Isolation, Optimization of Fermentation Conditions, and Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide from Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans Hao 2018

“…For example, the study of Sun et al found that the hygroscopicity of EPS produced by arctic Marine bacteria was higher than chitosan, but lower than hyaluronic acid. Besides, its moisture retention ability was higher than that of chitosan and alginate [31]. However, few studies can clearly explain these properties of EPS.…”

Characterization and Prospective Applications of the Exopolysaccharides Produced by Rhodosporidium babjevae

“…SM1127; it has been reported that the DPPH • , • OH, O 2 -• scavenging activities of the EPS at a concentration of 10 mg/mL were 55.4 ± 3%, 52.1 ± 2.1% and 28.2 ± 3%, respectively, which is similarly higher than those of hyaluronic acid. 40 Free radicals can greatly affect human health and cause various diseases such as ageing and inflammation in the body 41 ; for this reason, researchers are always looking for biopolymers that are antioxidant and can reduce the harm caused by free radicals in the human body. Sun et al suggested that the ability of an EPS in scavenging of free radicals may be due to the presence of functional groups such as -O-, C=O and -OH in its structure.…”

“…Sun et al suggested that the ability of an EPS in scavenging of free radicals may be due to the presence of functional groups such as -O-, C=O and -OH in its structure. 40 It is well accepted that the mentioned functional groups can donate electron or hydrogen ions to reduce the free radicals and can bind directly with the free radicals to form stable radicals. 40,42 As shown previously in the spectrum obtained from FT-IR, the existence of the mentioned functional groups in the EPSs structure was confirmed.…”

“…40 It is well accepted that the mentioned functional groups can donate electron or hydrogen ions to reduce the free radicals and can bind directly with the free radicals to form stable radicals. 40,42 As shown previously in the spectrum obtained from FT-IR, the existence of the mentioned functional groups in the EPSs structure was confirmed. Zhu et al suggested that the mannose content of EPS may play a role in its antioxidant activity.…”

Marine Bacteria versus Microalgae: Who Is the Best for Biotechnological Production of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Properties and Other Biological Applications?

“…The utilization of antioxidant EPS from polar bacteria is less reported, but some researchers have detected attractive structures, such as from the Arctic marine bacterium Polaribacter sp. SM1127 [259]. SM1127 EPS has a molecular weight of 220 kDa and is comprised of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), Man, GlcA, Fuc, Glc, and Rha residues, which are connected in a complex way.…”